Glomalin and microbial activity affected by cover crops and nitrogen management in sandy soil with cotton cultivation

Cordeiro, Carlos Felipe dos Santos; Rodrigues, D. R.; Rocha, Caroline Honorato; Araújo, Fábio Fernando de; Echer, Fábio Rafael

doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2021.104026

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Crop systems that rotate grass and legume production or that use cover crops with high dry matter production potential make grain and fiber production viable in tropical sandy soils (Cordeiro, Rodrigues, et al, 2021;Silva et al, 2020). These systems increase N stocks and improve soil properties (Mazzuchelli et al, 2020;Silva et al, 2020), but their effects on organic matter and its fractions in the soil have received less attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increasing soil C stocks is difficult in tropical sandy soils (Chenu et al, 2019;Gmach et al, 2018), particularly for the most stable C fractions, such as C associated with minerals and humic substances (humic acid, fulvic acid, and humin) (Cotrufo et al, 2019;Gomes et al, 2017). The combination of high temperatures, high soil aeration, low organomineral association, and high soil microbial activity throughout the year is typical of tropical sandy soils and leads to accelerated decomposition of organic matter (Cordeiro, Rodrigues, et al, 2021;Rottmann et al, 2010). The low soil N content also limits the formation of humic substances and the stabilization of organic matter (Cotrufo et al, 2019), which can reduce the supply of N to plants because the stock of N in the 0.0-0.20m layer of sandy soil is usually <1 Mg ha −1 (Cordeiro, Lopes, et al, 2021;Silva et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil organic carbon stock is improved by cover crops in a tropical sandy soil

et al. 2022

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Soil organic matter plays an important role in soil quality. In sandy soils of tropical regions, high biological activity in the soil accelerates mineralization and limits increases in organic matter content. The objective of this study was to evaluate the total organic C stock and the chemical and physical fractions of organic C in a sandy soil in Presidente Bernardes, São Paulo, Brazil, as a function of cover cropping with different combinations of grasses and legumes between 2015 and 2020. The treatments comprised fallow (control), cultivation of a single grass or intercropping of two grasses, one grass and one legume, or a mixture of two grasses and one legume during the offseason (April-September). Intercropping two grasses increased total dry matter production (shoot and root) by 138% and decreased the C/N ratio by 19% compared with the fallow and legume systems. The organic C stock in the soil was 46% higher in the mixed cover crop system (36.5 Mg ha −1 ) than in the fallow system (25 Mg ha −1 ). Humic acid (0.78-0.82 g kg −1 ) and humin (1.68-1.99 g kg −1 ) were lower in the systems with low dry matter production (fallow and grass + legume). Mineral-associated C content was 114% higher in the mixed cover crop system than in the fallow system. These results show that cover crops can increase C content in all fractions of organic matter in tropical sandy soil, even in a short period of time (5 yr), and that a mix of cover crops is the best option.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil organic carbon stock is improved by cover crops in a tropical sandy soil

et al. 2022

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“…Several studies have also shown that the concentration of available N in the soil influences concentrations of GRSP. For example, some researchers have found that the addition of N significantly increased GRSP [13,14], while others have reported that N fertilization did not alter the GRSP concentration in the bulk soil [15] or led to decreased concentrations [16]. These inconsistent results may be related to the initial soil N content [6], as well as to N addition rates and to the duration of fertilization [14,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of 50 Years of No-Tillage, Stubble Retention, and Nitrogen Fertilization on Soil Respiration, Easily Extractable Glomalin, and Nitrogen Mineralization

et al. 2022

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In subtropical regions, we have an incomplete understanding of how long-term tillage, stubble, and nitrogen (N) fertilizer management affects soil biological functioning. We examined a subtropical site managed for 50 years using varying tillage (conventional till (CT) and no-till (NT)), stubble management (stubble burning (SB) and stubble retention (SR)), and N fertilization (0 (N0), 30 (N30), and 90 (N90) kg ha−1 y−1) to assess their impact on soil microbial respiration, easily extractable glomalin-related soil protein (EEGRSP), and N mineralization. A significant three-way tillage × stubble × N fertilizer interaction was observed for soil respiration, with NT+SB+N0 treatments generally releasing the highest amounts of CO2 over the incubation period (1135 mg/kg), and NT+SR+N0 treatments releasing the lowest (528 mg/kg). In contrast, a significant stubble × N interaction was observed for both EEGRSP and N mineralization, with the highest concentrations of both EEGRSP (2.66 ± 0.86 g kg−1) and N mineralization (30.7 mg/kg) observed in SR+N90 treatments. Furthermore, N mineralization was also positively correlated with EEGRSP (R2 = 0.76, p < 0.001), indicating that EEGRSP can potentially be used as an index of soil N availability. Overall, this study has shown that SR and N fertilization have a positive impact on soil biological functioning.

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“…In comparison, TRC only outperformed TR in enhancing β-glucosidase in summer 2018 (p = 0.0077) and phosphatase in spring and summer 2019 (p ≤ 0.0430). In a cotton system, Cordeiro et al [33] also observed differences in soil enzyme activities between mixed cover crop treatments, where three-and two-species cover crop mixes that included both grasses and legumes increased FDA hydrolysis and β-glucosidase relative to fallow and single-grass species cover treatments, with the greatest enhancement seen with the three-species mixture. These observations, coupled with the results from the current study, suggest that increasing the number and diversity of plant species in a cover crop mix will result in more consistent enhancement of soil activities.…”

Section: Soil Enzyme Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Single- versus Double-Species Cover Crop Effects on Soil Health and Yield in Mississippi Soybean Fields

Tyler

2021

Agronomy

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Conservation management practices can improve soil health while minimizing deleterious effects of agriculture on the environment. However, adoption of these practices, particularly cover crops, is not widespread, as they often reduce crop yields compared to traditional management practices. The purpose of the current study was to determine if a two-species cover crop treatment of rye (Secale cereale L.) and crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) could increase soil health parameters and maximize soybean (Glycine max L.) yield greater than rye only in tilled and no-till Mississippi field soils. Enhanced microbial biomass and organic matter input from cover crops increased the activities of β-glucosidase, cellobiohydrolase, fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis, N-acetylglucosaminidase, and phosphatase in surface soils. Rye plus clover tended to elicit higher activities than rye only in no-till plots. Both cover crop treatments inhibited soybean yield in tilled plots by 11–25%. These results indicate that tillage exacerbates yield inhibition by cover crops in soybean and that double-species cover crop treatments were more consistent in increasing activities linked to nutrient cycling. Further study examining different combinations of cover crops in no-till systems is necessary to gain a better understanding of how they can be implemented to enhance soil health while maximizing crop yield.

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Glomalin and microbial activity affected by cover crops and nitrogen management in sandy soil with cotton cultivation

Cited by 18 publications

References 43 publications

Soil organic carbon stock is improved by cover crops in a tropical sandy soil

Soil organic carbon stock is improved by cover crops in a tropical sandy soil

Effect of 50 Years of No-Tillage, Stubble Retention, and Nitrogen Fertilization on Soil Respiration, Easily Extractable Glomalin, and Nitrogen Mineralization

Single- versus Double-Species Cover Crop Effects on Soil Health and Yield in Mississippi Soybean Fields

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