Globally coherent short duration magnetic field transients and their effect on ground based gravitational-wave detectors

Kowalska-Leszczynska, I.; Bizouard, M. A.; Bulik, T.; Christensen, N.; Coughlin, M. W.; Gołkowski, Mark; Kubisz, Jerzy; Kułak, Andrzej; Młynarczyk, Janusz; Robinet, F.; Rohde, M.

doi:10.1088/1361-6382/aa60eb

Cited by 31 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(97 reference statements)

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“…Observations of ELF sferic waveforms are made near Hugo, Colorado, USA (38.9 ∘ N, 103.4 ∘ W), and Hylaty, Poland (49.2 ∘ N, 22.5 ∘ E), using ELA10 receivers described by Kulak et al (2014) with sampling frequency of 888 Hz. Due to their sensitivity and electromagnetically quiet locations, these receivers have been used not only for lightning and ionospheric investigations but also in identification of electromagnetic perturbations in gravitational wave observations (Coughlin et al, 2016;Kowalska-Leszczynska et al, 2017). For lightning discharge locations we use the Global Lightning Dataset (GLD360; Said et al, 2013Said et al, , 2010.…”

Section: Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionospheric D Region Remote Sensing Using ELF Sferic Group Velocity

Gołkowski

Sarker

Renick

et al. 2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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The lowest region of the ionosphere, the D region, plays an important role in magnetosphere‐ionosphere coupling but is challenging to directly observe. The group velocity of the extremely low frequency (ELF; 3–300 Hz) portion of lightning induced electromagnetic radiation can be used to diagnose the D region electron density profile. Day‐night conditions can be assessed using ELF receivers and lightning detection networks. Analytical formulations and the Long Wave Propagation Capability software package show that ELF group velocity has particular sensitivity to the sharpness of the exponential electron density profile. Applying the technique to sudden ionospheric disturbances shows that the group velocity increases in response to incidence of solar X‐ray flux . A small number of ELF receivers can provide a large‐scale diagnostic of the D region. ELF remote sensing using lightning is complementary to very low frequency remote sensing and can be used to assess the Earth‐ionosphere propagation channel for very low frequency transmitters.

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Section: Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionospheric D Region Remote Sensing Using ELF Sferic Group Velocity

Gołkowski

Sarker

Renick

et al. 2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…The potential for the contamination of searches for a SGWB is strong due to potential correlated environmental noise between detectors [5,[7][8][9][10][11], which would result in a systematic error in the searches. A related concern exists in searches for transient sources of gravitational waves, such as due to correlated magnetic transients from storms [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement and subtraction of Schumann resonances at gravitational-wave interferometers

Coughlin¹,

Cirone²,

Meyers³

et al. 2018

Phys. Rev. D

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Correlated magnetic noise from Schumann resonances threatens to contaminate the observation of a stochastic gravitational-wave background in interferometric detectors. In previous work, we reported on the first effort to eliminate global correlated noise from the Schumann resonances using Wiener filtering, demonstrating as much as a factor of two reduction in the coherence between magnetometers on different continents. In this work, we present results from dedicated magnetometer measurements at the Virgo and KAGRA sites, which are the first results for subtraction using data from gravitational-wave detector sites. We compare these measurements to a growing network of permanent magnetometer stations, including at the LIGO sites. We show the effect of mutual magnetometer attraction, arguing that magnetometers should be placed at least one meter from one another. In addition, for the first time, we show how dedicated measurements by magnetometers near to the interferometers can reduce coherence to a level consistent with uncorrelated noise, making a potential detection of a stochastic gravitational-wave background possible.

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“…The two Advanced LIGO detectors are separated by 3000 km. However, even with substantial separation it has been demonstrated that global magnetic field noise from the Schumann resonances can have a coherence between the LIGO and Virgo sites [25,26]. For this present study we will ignore these magnetic field correlations.…”

Section: B Sensitivity Limit ωGw(f )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing signal recycling for detecting a stochastic gravitational-wave background

Tao¹,

Christensen²

2018

Class. Quantum Grav.

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Signal recycling is applied in laser interferometers such as the Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (aLIGO) to increase their sensitivity to gravitational waves. In this study, signal recycling configurations for detecting a stochastic gravitational wave background are optimized based on aLIGO parameters. Optimal transmission of the signal recycling mirror (SRM) and detuning phase of the signal recycling cavity under a fixed laser power and low-frequency cutoff are calculated. Based on the optimal configurations, the compatibility with a binary neutron star (BNS) search is discussed. Then, different laser powers and low-frequency cutoffs are considered. Two models for the dimensionless energy density of gravitational waves Ωgw(f ) = Ωα(f /f ref ) α , the flat model α = 0 and the α = 2/3 model, are studied. For a stochastic background search, it is found that an interferometer using signal recycling has a better sensitivity than an interferometer not using it. The optimal stochastic search configurations are typically found when both the SRM transmission and the signal recycling detuning phase are low. In this region, the BNS range mostly lies between 160 and 180 Mpc. When a lower laser power is used the optimal signal recycling detuning phase increases, the optimal SRM transmission increases and the optimal sensitivity improves. A reduced low-frequency cutoff gives a better sensitivity limit. For both models of Ωgw(f ), a typical optimal sensitivity limit on the order of 10 −10 is achieved at a reference frequency of f ref = 25 Hz. *

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Globally coherent short duration magnetic field transients and their effect on ground based gravitational-wave detectors

Cited by 31 publications

References 48 publications

Ionospheric D Region Remote Sensing Using ELF Sferic Group Velocity

Ionospheric D Region Remote Sensing Using ELF Sferic Group Velocity

Measurement and subtraction of Schumann resonances at gravitational-wave interferometers

Optimizing signal recycling for detecting a stochastic gravitational-wave background

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