Lifelong learning as a concept and academic field of study is growing, particularly in developing countries. In South Africa, lifelong learning means to respond to socio-economic and political challenges through continuous learning. The capacity buildings at adulthood in developing countries require proper policy management and implementation. This article provides insights into the conceptual understanding of lifelong learning from a policy angle and argued for data transformation in education for South Africa to achieve sustainable development. Thus, the analysis includes unravelling the meaning of lifelong learning broadly and from different contexts. Methodologically, a number of secondary data, statistics, and documentary information were used to provide evidence of policy problems in the study of lifelong learning in the education system of South Africa. This article concludes that the conceptual meaning of lifelong learning is context-bound, and as a result, different interpretation or policy interventions on the issue of lifelong learning are shaping the education policy globally and the economy of South Africa in particular.