Globale Ausbreitungsmuster umweltpolitischer Innovationen

Busch, Per-Olof; Jörgens, Helge

doi:10.1007/978-3-322-80813-4_3

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 87 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…Countries too -and especially export-oriented economies -tend to orient themselves towards future regulatory developments. If there are competing policy designs for a certain environmental problem, the adopters tend to be cautious as long as the prognosis about the finally converging policy design is insecure (Busch and Jörgens, 2005 and in this issue). Its should also be underlined that each policy adoption has its own national history of success if there is no international agreement, the adoption depending not only on policy capacities and on general environmental conditions of a country but also on situative factors such as catastrophic events, government changes, technical developments or sudden changes of energy prices.…”

Section: Setting the Trendmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trend‐setters in environmental policy: the character and role of pioneer countries

Jänicke¹

2005

Eur. Env.

134

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There is reason to believe that environmental policy convergence resulting from policy diffusion is influenced not only by functional imperatives of the world market, but also by a collective behaviour of national governments, where pioneer countries function as (intellectual) leaders under conditions of uncertainty. Their solutions for general environmental problems are adopted by other countries. As a rule, there is one single solution that is preferred by a large group or the majority of countries. This regulatory 'conformism' makes pioneer roles of countries highly relevant. The article analyses the character and role of such 'trend-setters' in environmental policy.A necessary condition for becoming a pioneer country in environmental policy is a high domestic capacity for environmental policy-making. This encompasses institutional, economic and informational framework conditions as well as the relative strength of the green advocacy coalition of a country. While these factors refer to relatively stable factors of policy-making, this does not explain why sometimes countries give up their roles as pioneers. To explain this, an analytical framework is proposed that encompasses situative factors, strategic factors and actor constellations, especially the coalition between organized proponents of environmental objectives and economic modernizers. This coalition of ecological modernizers may break down, for example in times of economic crisis. The political and economic framework conditions of globalization may sometimes bear impediments for pioneers, but at the same time they also provide incentives for highly advanced countries to take over national pioneer roles -at least in the field of environmental protection, which has become an important issue in the competition for innovation.

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Section: Setting the Trendmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trend‐setters in environmental policy: the character and role of pioneer countries

Jänicke¹

2005

Eur. Env.

134

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“…These assumptions have been verified in empirical research. Whereas those policy instruments informing about and regulating the quality of products, such as eco-labels and energy-efficiency labels, show the second fastest spread among the 21 environmental policy innovations, the spread of energy/carbon taxes is comparably slow (Busch and Jörgens, 2005). Thus, international trade can be both a conduit as well as a brake for the diffusion of market based environmental policy instruments.…”

confidence: 93%

“…There are empirical cases that indicate that this special feature of the EU setting tends to hamper horizontal diffusion processes as the regulatory competition between member states induces a 'wait-and-see behaviour' by member states and discourages them from unilaterally moving ahead with their preferred policy solution. This happened, for example, in the cases of energy-efficiency standards for certain household devices (see Busch and Jörgens 2005), feed-in tariffs versus quota regulations for electricity from renewables (see Busch, 2003) and to a certain degree also during the 11-year struggle over a European energy/carbon tax (Tews, 2002b; for an overview see Tews, 2004).…”

Section: Dynamics Of the International Systemmentioning

confidence: 98%

The diffusion of environmental policy innovations: cornerstones of an analytical framework

Tews

2005

Eur. Env.

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Comparative policy analysis increasingly faces the challenge of incorporating external forces on national policy developments into its analytical framework. Scholars of international relations have recognized that the behaviour of states -in terms of policy outputs -converges even in the absence of binding international agreements. These two branches of research can be bridged by the concept of policy diffusion. Diffusion analysis asks for those conditions that favour or hinder the spread of policy innovations within the international system. However, the scientific community struggles with different meanings and notions of the term policy diffusion. Thus, the aim of this paper is to offer a general conceptual framework for the study of diffusion processes within the international system. Understanding the process of policy diffusion requires an analysis of the complex interplay between transnational and international forces, national factors and the characteristics of policy innovations. By providing a conceptual framework this paper hopes not only to contribute to the theoretical debate but also to give guidance for empirical research.

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“…This role seems to be more important than the creation of policy innovations by the international institutions themselves. Source: Busch and Jörgens (2004) Thesis 3. Globalization has very different effects on policy areas.…”

Section: Thesis 2 the Nation State Is Both The Subject And Object Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Governing Environmental Flows: The Need to Reinvent the Nation State

Jänicke

2005

SSRN Journal

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Globale Ausbreitungsmuster umweltpolitischer Innovationen

Cited by 18 publications

References 87 publications

Trend‐setters in environmental policy: the character and role of pioneer countries

Trend‐setters in environmental policy: the character and role of pioneer countries

The diffusion of environmental policy innovations: cornerstones of an analytical framework

Governing Environmental Flows: The Need to Reinvent the Nation State

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