Global Water Security: Current Research and Priorities for Action

Abstract

HighlightsWe provide context and perspectives on 13 articles in the Global Water Security collection.Limited irrigation, precision irrigation, and sustainable water resources management were critical themes.The collection emphasizes the need for adopting location-specific technologies to achieve global water security.Advances in data acquisition, data analysis, and modeling should be utilized to aid managing water resources. Abstract. This article introduces the Global Water Security collection in this issue of Transactions of the ASABE and issue 36(1) of Applied Engineering in Agriculture. Researchers, educators, industry partners, agricultural producers, and policymakers from 19 countries met at Hyderabad, India, to discuss critical issues and advancements at the Global Water Security Conference for Agriculture and Natural Resources. The conference was organized jointly by ASABE and the Indian Society of Agricultural Engineers (ISAE). This special collection consists of 13 articles selected from the 245 meeting presentations as well as invited articles. A perspectives article in this collection summarizes seven key priorities identified for action at the conference: reduce food waste, increase wastewater reuse, increase agricultural resiliency and efficiency, optimize irrigation efficiency and increase crop water productivity, improve water supply management, improve water resource infrastructure, and enhance water resource decision-making and policy formulation. The remaining 12 articles address a wide range of water security topics grouped by four themes: sustainable management of water resources (3 articles), limited irrigation for water conservation (5 articles), precision irrigation management (2 articles), and water management in hilly regions (2 articles). While these articles are not inclusive of all water security challenges in the agriculture and natural resources sectors, they highlight selected important challenges and potential solutions. The research presented in this special collection emphasizes the importance of developing and using appropriate location-specific technologies that increase water application efficiency and water use efficiency while maintaining adequate water supplies for natural resource functions and ecosystem services to ensure global water security. Keywords: Climate change, Crop water productivity, Food security, Irrigation efficiency, Natural resource policy, Wastewater reuse, Water resource infrastructure, Water scarcity.

Optimization of Agricultural Resource Allocation among Crops: A Portfolio Model Analysis

“…Improper use of farmland has been intensifying the conflicts between continuously increasing food demand and decreasing availability of farmland [3][4][5]. Additionally, agriculture, as one of the most water-intensive human activities [6], is facing big challenges, such as water resource shortages [7], unbalanced freshwater distribution [8], and discrepancies between supply and demand [9]. In addition, the transformation of labor from labor-intensive industries to capital-intensive industries caused a big shortage in agricultural production [10][11][12].…”