Global warming and the coastal zone

Bardach, John E.

doi:10.1007/bf00138849

Cited by 24 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The impact of climate change on coasts is exacerbated by the increasing need for coastal protection by human activities (Bardach 1989;Beukema et al 1990;van der Meulen et al 1991). There are two main types of management strategy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Impacts—Coastal Erosion and Coastline Changes

Łabuz¹

2015

Regional Climate Studies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Climate change is having an undeniable influence on coastal areas. This chapter describes the growing threat of climate change on the Baltic Sea coastline, with an emphasis on field research focused on storm surges and coastal retreat. The main climatic factors driving change in the Baltic Sea coastal zone are wind, waves, storm surges, ice jams and flooding. The cumulative effects of these drivers are also important. For example, a costly coastal protection scheme in one area may result in coastal erosion in another. Natural and man-made coastal features are experiencing unprecedented change; important natural habitats, coastal settlements and local economies are all being affected. The extent of storm surge impacts depends on the exposure of a shoreline to a surge event. The submergent and soft coastal relief of the southern Baltic Sea area is under most threat; the rate of retreat depending on the frequency and strength of the storm surges. The rate of coastal retreat has also increased in recent years due to sealevel rise and loss of beaches. KeywordsCoast erosion Á Threats for coast Á Coast type response for climate change IntroductionThe coastal zone is one of the most dynamic environments in the world, because it is where different geospheres interact. Taking place over a range of timescales, these interactions cause dynamic coastal rebuilding, referred to coastal morphodynamics. The factors responsible for change in the coastal zone may be grouped into geological and geomorphological, hydrodynamic, biological, climatic and anthropogenic factors. The main geological factors-sediment type, arrangement and resistance of sediment structures, and isostasy-are the basis of the morphological processes and the development of coastal relief. Geomorphological processes are influenced by many external forces, including climatic factors such as precipitation rain and wind. They are responsible for the development of typical relief forms and sediment supply. Biological factors mainly concern the influence of plants and are responsible for the development of particular coastal types. Anthropogenic factors refer to many human activities taking place within the coastal zone: settlements, industrial development, agriculture, deforestation and coastal protection. The coastal system is a dynamic complex of sensitive factors and typically responds in a nonlinear morphological manner (Dronkers 2005). The wide range of natural and human influences on the Baltic Sea coastline makes it difficult to identify the specific effects of climate change. Exposure to wind is a key factor for coastal development. Climatic conditions greatly influence the inflow of material to the coastal zone, by determining the amount and origin of terrigenic material supplied to the coastal zone as well as the amount of biogenic material produced and supplied to the sediments. The combination of sea-level rise, land subsidence and isostatic rebound creates both emergent and submergent coasts. Emergent coasts are identifiable by accumulative

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Impacts—Coastal Erosion and Coastline Changes

Łabuz¹

2015

Regional Climate Studies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The United States Environmental Protection Agency (1988) predicted a rise in sea level due to global warming of at least 20 -40 cm by 2050 (3.3 -6.6 mmlyear). Such substantial, rapid sea-level change could impact the distribution and extent of coastal salt marshes by altering sediment delivery to the marshes and the incidence of storms capable of eroding marsh faces (Bardach 1989; International Geosphere -Biosphere Programme 1990).…”

Section: Salt Marshes Sea-level Rise and Global Changementioning

confidence: 98%

“…First, coastal salt marshes will be impacted by sea-level rise during future "greenhouse" climatic warming (Bardach 1989;Peltier and Tushingham 1989). Determination of SAR here will suggest to what extent salt marsh growth will be able to keep pace with sea-level rise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Implications of rapid sediment accumulation in a small New England salt marsh

Anderson¹,

Borns

Smith

et al. 1992

Can. J. Earth Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The sediment accumulation rate within a small Spartina alternijlora marsh in Maine has been determined by measuring the amount of peat accretion on top of human-produced boards protruding from an exposed face of the marsh. Boards are at depths of 50-140 cm, suggesting sediment accumulation rates of 6.2-7.0 mmlyear. Based on these data and a review of other relevant studies, aggradation in small marshes such as Shipyard Cove should be able to keep pace marginally with the anticipated sea-level rise due to "greenhouse" warming, given sufficient sediment supply. Local 19th century land clearance and subsequent erosion, activities that are greatly reduced today, probably supplied the bulk of the inorganic marsh sediment.Le taux d'accumulation de stdiments dans un petit marais 2 Spartina alternijlora, dans 1' Ctat du Maine, a ttt dCterminC en mesurant la quantitt de dCpBt de tourbe sur des planches plactes par des humains, en saillie, sur une face exposCe du marais. Les planches se trouvent maintenant i des profondeurs de 50 i 140 cm, ce qui suggtre des taux d'accumulation de 6,2 i 7,O mmlan. A partir de ces donntes et d'une revue de d'autres etudes semblables, la ~Cdimentation dans les petits marais, comme celui de Shipyard Cove, devrait &tre en mesure de dtfier, marginalement, 1' ClCvation anticipCe du niveau de la mer 2 cause du rtchauffement dii i << l'effet de serre n, si l'apport de sCdiment est suffisant. Le dtboisement local au dix-neuvikme sikcle et I'trosion substquente, activitts qui aujourd'hui sont passablement reduites, reprksentent probablement la source principale des sediments inorganiques du marais.[Traduit par la rtdaction] Can.

show abstract

“…Some salt manufacturing industries already exist in the Chittagong region (Bardach, 1989 (Bardach, 1989).…”

Section: Shifting Economic Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sea-level rise and its impact on Bangladesh

Ortiz¹

1994

Ocean & Coastal Management

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Global temperatures are expected to increase as a result of the so-called "greenhouse" effect, causing concern among scientists who fear that the sea level may rise as much as three meters by 2100. Using mid-range sea-levelrise scenarios of 1.5 and 2 meters potential socioeconomic impacts on coastal Bangladesh are discussed. The geography is described to point out the spatial extent and magnitude of potential damages. Topographic and politicaladministrative maps are used for population distribution and economic analyses of the areas which would be affected in the sea level rise scenarios. A valuation technique is used to project the gradual GOP loss of the regions most affected from the years 2000-2100. Based on these analyses, implications for Bangladesh policies are discussed and recommendations made that intend to compromise immediate and long-term solutions. Taking into consideration the socioeconomic status of the country the implementation of a coastal zone management plan is recommended in order to preserve and protect its natural resources, but above all, to mitigate the hazards to life and property from eustatic rises in sea level and from storm surges. The results of this study indicate that, in order to avoid or mitigate the potential harm of sea level rise, the government, private organizations, and international agencies must initiate counter measures, beginning with strategic planning based on the assumption that the phenomenon will take place. Furthermore, steps to be adopted to reduce actual danger of ocean flooding will, at the same time be steps for sea level rise preparation. Major population centers that are located in high-risk areas, 1.5 or 2 m above sea level, must gradually move landward. Finally, this thesis is dedicated to my wife, Ruth, whose love and support have brought this work to completion. Without her timely encouragement, tolerance, and clear thinking, all this work would not be done. The days and nights she spent revlswinq, correcting and editing text with me and for me were invaluable. Gracias, sweetie.iii

show abstract

Global warming and the coastal zone

Cited by 24 publications

References 6 publications

Environmental Impacts—Coastal Erosion and Coastline Changes

Environmental Impacts—Coastal Erosion and Coastline Changes

Implications of rapid sediment accumulation in a small New England salt marsh

Sea-level rise and its impact on Bangladesh

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About