Global warming accelerates soil heterotrophic respiration

Nissan, Alon; Alcolombri, Uria; Peleg, Nadav; Galili, Nir; Jiménez‐Martínez, Joaquín; Molnár, Péter; Holzner, Markus

doi:10.1038/s41467-023-38981-w

Cited by 32 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…High temperatures can increase respiration and reduce biomass gains from elevated CO 2 (Baker et al., 2000; Timlin et al., 2006). Increased temperatures are also expected to increase efflux of carbon from soils because of increased respiration and reduction of soil water (Nissan et al., 2023). There is evidence (Cox et al., 2020) that nighttime temperatures are increasing faster than daytime, so the diurnal temperature differentials are higher and this differential can be more important than the temperatures themselves (Yang et al., 2023).…”

Section: Development Of Crop Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of crop simulation modeling in assessing potential climate change impacts

Timlin,

Paff,

Han

2024

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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Agriculture is weather dependent, and changes in climate can have a drastic impact on our ability to feed, fuel, and clothe the world's population. Climate change is causing more frequent and unprecedented extreme weather events that are already negatively affecting agriculture. We need to assess the effects of extreme temperatures and rainfall on agriculture. Patterns of short‐term extreme weather events, such as elevated temperatures, flooding, and strong winds, are not predictable enough to design field experiments around. Process‐based crop and soil simulation models allow us to explore new management options and thus provide whole‐system‐based knowledge and management guides for different locations over variable climate conditions. By using crop simulation models, researchers can test different adaptation strategies and assess their effectiveness in reducing the impacts of climate change on agricultural production. In this paper, we discuss the development of crop models and how they have been used to assess the effects of a changing climate on agricultural productivity and propose methods for agriculture to adapt to those changes. We describe potential applications of crop models to assess regional issues such as irrigation demand, greenhouse gas emissions, and policy decisions. Better understanding of how weather and climate forecasts at various scales are provided and the reliability of these forecasts is important for using crop models as a planning tool. Different approaches for simulating long‐term climate change impacts on crop yield and seasonal yield forecasting are discussed. The use of ensemble models to better assess climate change impacts is also discussed.

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Section: Development Of Crop Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of crop simulation modeling in assessing potential climate change impacts

Timlin,

Paff,

Han

2024

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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“…For example, soil warming can induce modifications in microbial activity, facilitating thermal adaptation and influencing SOC decomposition rates, ultimately impacting Rs (Bradford et al., 2008). Several meta‐analyses have synthesized warming experiments (see below), but substantial uncertainty remains about the in situ Rs response to temperature changes (Nissan et al., 2023). Novel experiments have challenged conventional wisdom on the importance and vulnerability to warming of deeper soil horizons (Hanson et al., 2017; Hicks Pries et al., 2017; Soong et al., 2021; Q. Zhang et al., 2023a).…”

Section: In Situ Measurements and Manipulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In spite of this demonstrated importance of Rs, its underlying processes remain highly uncertain components of Earth System Models (Varney et al., 2022), and ecosystem respiration more generally dominates the uncertainty of terrestrial carbon storage in CMIP6 models (Wei et al., 2022). The interaction between Rs and environmental change thus remains one of the greatest sources of uncertainty in climate and earth system projections (Nissan et al., 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Twenty Years of Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities in Measuring and Understanding Soil Respiration

Bond‐Lamberty,

Ballantyne,

Berryman

et al. 2024

JGR Biogeosciences

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Soil respiration (Rs), the soil‐to‐atmosphere flux of CO2, is a dominant but uncertain part of the carbon cycle, even after decades of study. This review focuses on progress in understanding Rs from laboratory incubations to global estimates. We survey key developments of in situ ecosystem‐scale Rs observations and manipulations, synthesize Rs meta‐analyses and global flux estimates, and discuss the most compelling challenges and opportunities for the future. Increasingly sophisticated lab experiments have yielded insights into the interaction among heterotrophic respiration, substrate supply, and enzymatic kinetics, and extended incubation‐based analyses across space and time. Observational and manipulative field‐based experiments have used improved measurement approaches to deepen our understanding of the integrated effects of environmental change and disturbance on Rs. Freely‐available observational databases have enabled meta‐analyses and studies probing the magnitude of, and constraints on, the global Rs flux. Key challenges for the field include expanding Rs measurements, experiments, and opportunities to under‐represented communities and ecosystems; reconciling independent estimates of global respiration fluxes and trends; testing and leveraging the power of machine learning and process‐based models, both independently and in conjunction with each other; and continuing the field's tradition of using novel experiments to explore diverse mechanisms and ecosystems.

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“…In addition, environmental factors and sediment properties (moisture content, pH) could be the main factors affecting the sediment nitrogen distribution [32]. Furthermore, the physicochemical properties of sediment (particularly the moisture content) can affect microbial heterotrophic respiration and thus affect the sediment carbon fluxes [34,35].…”

Section: Carbon-nitrogen Coupling In Constructed Wetland Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies have indicated that the vegetation composition and plant carbon inputs of wetlands are direct factors affecting sediment carbon distribution [20,31], while climate and sediment properties (water content, pH, and bioavailable carbon) are the main factors affecting sediment nitrogen distribution [32]. However, it has also been shown that changes in vegetation can affect the composition of microbial communities relevant to nitrogen metabolism in the sediments and thus affecting the changes in sediment nitrogen [33], and that the physicochemical properties of sediment (particularly the water content) can affect microbial heterotrophic respiration and thus affect the sediment carbon fluxes [34,35]. In summary, vegetation and sediment physicochemical properties influence sediment carbon and nitrogen cycling through the regulation of microbial communities [36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microorganisms Directly Affected Sediment Carbon–Nitrogen Coupling in Two Constructed Wetlands

Wang,

Fang,

et al. 2024

Water

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Clarifying the carbon–nitrogen coupling pattern in wetlands is crucial for understanding the driving mechanism of wetland carbon sequestration. However, the impacts of plants and environmental factors on the coupling of carbon–nitrogen in wetland sediments are still unclear. Sediment samples from plant (Typha angustifolia and Phragmites australis)-covered habitats and bare land were collected in two constructed wetlands in northern China. The contents of different forms of carbon and nitrogen in sediments and plants, and the sediment microbial community were detected. It was found that the sediment carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratios did not differ significantly in the bare sites of different wetlands, but did in the plant-covered sites, which highlighted the different role of plants in shifting the carbon–nitrogen coupling in different constructed wetlands. The effects of plants on the sediment carbon–nitrogen coupling differed in two constructed wetlands, so the structural equation model was used and found that sediment microorganisms directly affected sediment C/N ratios, while water and sediment physicochemical properties indirectly affected sediment C/N ratios by altering sediment microbial functions. Multiple linear regression models showed that water pH, sediment moisture content, water dissolved oxygen, and water depth had a greater influence on the carbon metabolism potential of the sediment microbial community, while sediment moisture content had the greatest impact on the sediment microbial nitrogen metabolism potential. The study indicates that variations in environmental conditions could alter the influence of plants on the carbon and nitrogen cycles of wetland sediments. Water environmental factors mainly affect microbial carbon metabolism functions, while soil physicochemical factors, especially water content, affect microbial carbon and nitrogen metabolism functions.

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Global warming accelerates soil heterotrophic respiration

Cited by 32 publications

References 65 publications

The role of crop simulation modeling in assessing potential climate change impacts

The role of crop simulation modeling in assessing potential climate change impacts

Twenty Years of Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities in Measuring and Understanding Soil Respiration

Microorganisms Directly Affected Sediment Carbon–Nitrogen Coupling in Two Constructed Wetlands

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