Global Use of Cryopreserved Platelets

Abstract

The Valeri method, introduced in 1972 with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a cryoprotective agent, has evolved into a no-wash technique widely employed for cryopreservation of platelets. Cryopreserved platelets (CP) are a viable alternative to liquid platelets (LP) and address the limitations of LP. CP have an extended shelf file, are a reliable supply for rare blood types, and can be transported to challenging terrains for use in military settings and remote areas and places where blood supply is imbalanced. Despite CP exhibiting a lower recovery rate compared to LP, the superior hemostatic efficacy makes it advantageous for use in bleeding patients. Some countries have already implemented CP for civilian use in disasters caused by natural hazards or human-induced events, and clinical trials are underway to expand applications among civilians. The absence of national regulations and standardized guidelines for CP preparation and evaluation is a significant obstacle to the extensive use of CP. A consensus is needed among academic societies, blood centers, the military, and governments to lend support and interest in the development of CP as a viable alternative to LP. This review presents information on the initial attempts to produce CP, in vitro changes of thawed CP, utilization of CP, and the current usage status in various countries. The goal was to evaluate the potential need to introduce CP domestically and provide insights on the strengths and challenges.