Global survey of serological evidence of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus infection

Ds, Adams; Re, Oliver; Ameghino, Enrique; Jc, DeMartini; Dw, Verwoerd; Dj, Houwers; Waghela, Suryakant D.; Gorham,; Hyllseth, B.; Dawson, M.

doi:10.1136/vr.115.19.493

Cited by 117 publications

(59 citation statements)

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“…b). Serology, pathology and clinical reports indicate that the infection is widespread among goats in North America, Europe and Australia but relatively uncommon in South America and Africa (Adams et al, 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…wt. structural protein (p28) (Crawford & Adams, 1981 ;Robe rson et al, 1982;Adams et al, 1983aAdams et al, , b, 1984. Others have used polyethylene glycol (PEG)-concentrated medium from ovine progressive pneumonia virus (OPPV)-or maedi/visna virus (MVV)-infected cultures in ID and purified MVV for the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (D. Houwers, personal communication).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis Retrovirus Proteins in Immunodiffusion Precipitin Lines

Gogolewski

et al. 1985

Journal of General Virology

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SUMMARYPrecipitin lines formed between serum from a goat infected with caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) and radiolabelled viral proteins in polyethylene glycolconcentrated culture medium were excised from immunodiffusion (ID) plates and analysed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The two major precipitin lines contained the 135 000 mol. wt. glycoprotein (gp135) and the internal 28000 mol. wt. structural protein (p28). This method obviates the use of purified proteins or monospecific antisera to positively determine viral constituents in ID precipitin lines formed between a crude antigen preparation and antiserum against whole virus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis Retrovirus Proteins in Immunodiffusion Precipitin Lines

Gogolewski

et al. 1985

Journal of General Virology

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“…Approximately 80~ of dairy goats in the U.S.A., Canada and western Europe are infected with this virus in contrast to 0 to 10 ~ in many other countries in Africa and South America (Crawford & Adams, 1981 ;Adams et al, 1984). This disparity has been ascribed to husbandry practices in the dairygoat industry in which milk from lactating animals is pooled and a portion of the pool is fed to kid goats.…”

Section: Caprine Arthritis-encephalitis Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biology and Pathogenesis of Lentiviruses

Narayan¹,

Clements

1989

Journal of General Virology

246

148

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“…CAEV is a persistent disease in goats characterized by polyarthritis, mastitis and pneumonia in adults and leukoencephalomyelitis in kids [4,6]. CAEV has been reported in most goat-rearing countries [1,13]. Live animal trading across national boundaries is considered an important cause of horizontal CAEV transmission, whilst ingestion of colostrums and milk represent important causes of transmission from mother to offspring [3,4].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-Scale Serological Survey of Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus (CAEV) in Korean Black Goats (<i>Capra hircus aegagrus</i>)

Oem

Chung

Byun

et al. 2012

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. A national serological survey of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) infection was conducted using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and an agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test. A total of 658 black goats of various breeds were sampled from 59 farms in three regions of Korea. The CAEV-positive goats were predominantly detected in the Southern region (n=17) as compared with the Northern (n=1) and Central regions (n=0) (χ 2 =6.26, P=0.044). Among 658 goats tested, 18 were positive in both ELISA and AGID, indicating a CAEV prevalence of 2.73% (95% confidence interval: 1. 74-4.28 Caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) belongs to the genus lentivirus, family Retroviridae. CAEV is a persistent disease in goats characterized by polyarthritis, mastitis and pneumonia in adults and leukoencephalomyelitis in kids [4,6]. CAEV has been reported in most goat-rearing countries [1,13]. Live animal trading across national boundaries is considered an important cause of horizontal CAEV transmission, whilst ingestion of colostrums and milk represent important causes of transmission from mother to offspring [3,4]. In 2002, CAEV was identified in Japan [10]. Infected goats develop anti-CAEV antibodies and develop a persistent, lifelong infection. Korea was considered free from CAEV; however, CAEV RNA was detected in Korean dairy goats in 2008 [12], and an outbreak of CAEV was reported on a Korean goat farm in 2010 [14].The period between CAEV infection and the detection of antibodies and onset of clinical signs may vary from months to years [3]. Several diagnostic techniques are used to detect CAEV infections. These are based on the detection of either antibodies or virus [9]. Virus isolation and cell culture detection techniques have been used but cannot be extensively applied, as specific cell types are replicationrestrictive to particular strains [15] and CAEV heterogeneity and low viral loads have hampered the use of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as a reference technique. In addition, positive PCR results have been obtained in some seronegative animals [9]. Thus, the diagnosis of infection is typically performed by serological testing [9] including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), and agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) tests, with PCR used to complement serological methods. ELISA represents a more sensitive technique than AGID testing for the detection of CAEV antibodies. Western blotting, radioimmunoassay, and radioimmunoprecipitation are also used as supplementary tests to discriminate for indeterminate results obtained from screening assays.In Korea, the black goat population contains approximately 266,000 animals distributed in 21,000 herds [11]. Approximately 55% of the total goat population lives in the Southern region. Relatively low populations have been recorded in the Northern and Central regions. Although regional serological and virological investigations in dairy goats have been performed [12], no large-scale serological survey has been reported in Korean black goats. I...

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Global survey of serological evidence of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus infection

Cited by 117 publications

References 0 publications

Identification of Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis Retrovirus Proteins in Immunodiffusion Precipitin Lines

Identification of Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis Retrovirus Proteins in Immunodiffusion Precipitin Lines

Biology and Pathogenesis of Lentiviruses

Large-Scale Serological Survey of Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus (CAEV) in Korean Black Goats (<i>Capra hircus aegagrus</i>)

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