Global Status of Biomass Energy Use

Balat, Mustafa

doi:10.1080/15567030801952201

Cited by 35 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Among the direct energy carriers, biomass is most important in developing countries (Balat and Ayar 2005). Bioenergy contributes 13.4% to current total world energy consumption (Balat 2009), and in developing countries, the figure is about 38% (Sims 2003). Biomass fuel as a portion of regional energy consumption is 60% in Africa, 56.3% in South Asia, 25.1% in East Asia, 23.5% in China, 18.2% in Latin America, 3.5% in Europe, 2.7% in North America and 0.3% in the Middle East (Demirbas 2006).…”

Section: Household Fuel Choice -Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Driving forces for fuelwood choice of households in developing countries: environmental implications for Bangladesh

Akther

Miah

Koike

2010

International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystem Servic

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Energy planning is an important task for every nation. Understanding the energy preferences of households influences a major part of energy planning and policy. In the preference system, socio-economic driving forces act critically, dictating energy use. Thus, the present study was undertaken to understand the socio-economic driving forces for energy preferences in developing countries, considering the Energy Ladder and the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis. Results show that biomass still plays a vital role in meeting energy demand in many regions of developing countries, and household income is the most common factor in energy preference. However, the macro-economic condition is the primary driving force. With this understanding, the study argues that Bangladesh is still in the first half of the inverted U-shaped EKC for energy use at household level, and also confirms that the Energy Ladder is true at the second stage of the EKC in Bangladesh. Finally, the study suggests that alternative shorter paths in the EKC for energy use should be developed in Bangladesh. The study will be important for energy policy and planning in Bangladesh.

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Section: Household Fuel Choice -Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Driving forces for fuelwood choice of households in developing countries: environmental implications for Bangladesh

Akther

Miah

Koike

2010

International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystem Servic

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“…In addition, numerous researchers have emphasized that CDM projects have impacts on the economic development (Balat, 2009; Cavanagh and Benjaminsen, 2014; Nakicenovic and Swart, 2000), and enhance rural livelihoods (Boyd and Goodman, 2011; Gundimeda, 2004; Lobovikov, 2012; Patel, 2014; Pfaff et al , 2007; Teixeira et al , 2007). The main influencing mechanism includes employment opportunities (Bakker et al , 2011; Dinar et al , 2011; Jindal et al , 2008; Newell, 2012; Thurner and Varughese, 2013), financial public, household income (Balat, 2009; Balat and Ayar, 2005) and investments (Lewis, 2010). They are, however, merely theoretical and have not through the empirical to test this influencing mechanism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The economic effects of clean development mechanism afforestation and reforestation project: evidence from China

Zheng

Zeng

et al. 2021

IJCCSM

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Purpose Forestry carbon sink (FCS) is not only an important measure to deal with the current global climate change but also an effective way to build an ecological civilization. As an important form of implementation of FCS, the afforestation and reforestation projects under the clean development mechanism (CDM A/R) have important functions such as ecological protection and economic growth. This paper aims to evaluate the short-term and long-term impact of CDM on the county economy and its impact mechanism. Design/methodology/approach This paper first uses propensity score matching to match the county (treatment group). Second, this paper uses difference in difference to estimate the net effect of CDM A/R project on county economic development to reduce estimation error. Finally, the impact mechanism of implementing CDM A/R project on county economic development was tested. Findings The CDM A/R project has significantly promoted the development of real gross domestic product (GDP) and per capita real GDP in the region. Because of the long project cycle, this promotion is not immediate in the short term and has an obvious hysteresis effect. The longer the implementation time, the greater the promotion of the local economy will develop. The results are robust after the robustness test that uses the single-difference method. The CDM A/R project has promoted local economic growth by optimizing the local industrial structure, increasing the regional capital stock and raising the regional government’s fiscal revenue and expenditure. Originality/value This paper provides a critical overview of the relationship between clean development mechanism and local economic development.

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“…Ammonia (NH 3 ) is a key species for the fertiliser industry and for catalytic and non‐catalytic reduction of nitric oxides (NO x ) in combustion processes . In recent years, biomass has gained much interest as a renewable alternative to fossil fuels . NH 3 is often generated during biomass pyrolysis and gasification .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐intrusive, in situ detection of ammonia in hot gas flows with mid‐infrared degenerate four‐wave mixing at 2.3 µm

Sahlberg

Hot

Aldén

et al. 2016

J Raman Spectroscopy

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We demonstrate non-intrusive, in situ detection of ammonia (NH 3 ) in reactive hot gas flows at atmospheric pressure using midinfrared degenerate four-wave mixing (IR-DFWM). IR-DFWM excitation scans were performed in the v 2 + v 3 and v 1 + v 2 vibrational bands of NH 3 around 2.3 μm for gas flow temperatures of 296, 550 and 820 K. Simulations based on spectroscopic parameters from the HITRAN database have been compared with the measurements in order to identify the spectral lines, and an absorption spectrum at 296 K has also been measured to compare with the IR-DFWM spectra. The signal-to-noise ratio of the IR-DFWM measurement was found to be higher than that of the absorption measurement. Some spectral lines in the measured IR-DFWM and absorption spectra had no matching lines in the HITRAN simulation. The detection limit of NH 3 diluted in N 2 with IR-DFWM in this spectral range was estimated at 296, 550 and 820 K to be 1.36, 4.87 and 7.06 × 10 16 molecules/cm 3 . The dependence of the NH 3 IR-DFWM signal on the quenching properties of the buffer gas flow was investigated by comparing the signals for gas flows of N 2 , Ar and CO 2 with small admixtures of NH 3 . It was found that the signal dependence on buffer gas was large at room temperature but decreased at elevated temperatures. These results show the potential of IR-DFWM for detection of NH 3 in combustion environments.

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Global Status of Biomass Energy Use

Cited by 35 publications

References 39 publications

Driving forces for fuelwood choice of households in developing countries: environmental implications for Bangladesh

Driving forces for fuelwood choice of households in developing countries: environmental implications for Bangladesh

The economic effects of clean development mechanism afforestation and reforestation project: evidence from China

Non‐intrusive, in situ detection of ammonia in hot gas flows with mid‐infrared degenerate four‐wave mixing at 2.3 µm

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