Global scenarios for significant water use reduction in thermal power plants based on cooling water demand estimation using satellite imagery

Lohrmann, Alena; Farfan, Javier; Caldera, Upeksha; Lohrmann, Christoph; Breyer, Christian

doi:10.1038/s41560-019-0501-4

Cited by 81 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…The higher share of solar PV in the energy system may lead to even more available energy and a higher level of energy security, which is a positive effect. The last parameter can be evaluated very positively, as water will be used much less for power generation due to drastically reducing the share of thermal power generation [99], and desalination will be based on renewable electricity without relevant water requirements. This parameter is very important for Jordan, as Jordan already suffers from high water-stress levels, so that the BPS will provide innovative solutions for the water issues in Jordan.…”

Section: Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Security Analysis for a 100% Renewable Energy Transition in Jordan by 2050

et al. 2020

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Energy security analysis is a strong tool for policy makers. It allows them to formulate policies that would enhance energy systems by targeting necessary actions. In this study, the impacts of transitioning from a fossil fuels to a renewables dominated energy system on energy security is analysed for Jordan. A Best Policy Scenario was developed for the Jordanian energy system to trace the transition to a 100% renewable energy system. Energy security was analysed for the future system by a qualitative approach utilising colour codes. The results reveal that the primary energy demand increases from 64 TWh in 2015 to 130 TWh in 2050, dominated by electricity and followed by heat and bioenergy. This indicates that a high level of direct and indirect electrification is the key to transition towards a fully sustainable energy system. Renewable electricity generation is projected to increase from 0.1 TWh in 2015 to 110.7 TWh in 2050, with a solar photovoltaic share of 92%. The levelised cost of energy develops from 78 €/MWh in 2015 to 61 €/MWh in 2050. In 2050, this system will have zero greenhouse gas emissions, it will provide plenty of job opportunities and revenue generation. This proposed transition will enhance the energy security level of the Jordanian energy system in five of the six dimensions studied. The five dimensions that will be improved are availability, cost, environment, health, and employment, whereas the dimension on diversity will stay neutral. It can be concluded that Jordan can achieve a 100% renewable energy system by 2050 and such a transition will enhance the energy security level.

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Section: Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Security Analysis for a 100% Renewable Energy Transition in Jordan by 2050

et al. 2020

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“…When considering the EU economic, budgetary, and demographic projections 20 overall absolute drought losses for EU+UK in 2100 grow to 25 [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] billion €/year at 1.5°C GWL and 31 billion €/year at 2°C GWL, or an increase of respectively 170% and 250% compared to baseline damages. With global warming of 3°C by the end of this century, absolute losses would grow to 45 billion €/year (+400%) and to 65 (+624%) with 4°C warming (Figure 2, Table 1 and S6).…”

Section: Impacts At Warming Levels Under Future Socioeconomic Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Empirical evidence shows that relative impacts (damage expressed as a share of the economic value exposed) of droughts have reduced considerably over the last four decades 30 . Continuous advances in drought-sensitive sectors, such as the development of stress-resistant crops to improve yield stability under water shortage conditions 31 or improved water use efficiency in power production 32 , will likely further reduce vulnerability to drought. The large uncertainties over these developments across a wide range of potentially impacted sectors imply that the assessment of future vulnerability is complex 33 .…”

Section: Impacts At Warming Levels Under Future Socioeconomic Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing economic drought impacts in Europe with anthropogenic warming

Naumann¹,

Cammalleri²,

Mentaschi³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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While climate change will alter the distribution in time and space of water, quantifications of drought risk in view of global warming remain little explored. Here, we show that in Europe drought damages could strongly increase with global warming and cause a strong regional imbalance in future drought impacts. In the absence of climate action (4°C in 2100 and no adaptation) annual drought losses in the EU + UK are projected to rise to more than 65 billion €/year compared to baseline 9 billion €/year, or two times larger when expressed relative to the size of the economy. Drought losses show the strongest rise in southern and western parts of Europe, where drought conditions at 4°C could reduce regional agriculture economic output by 10%. With high warming, drought impacts will become a fraction of present risk in northern and northeastern regions. Keeping global warming well below 2°C would avoid most impacts in the affected regions.

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“…Flörke et al 30 conducted a global water use assessment using a water model in 177 countries for the period 1950-2010, demonstrating the relationship between water use and global-socioeconomic development. Lohrmann et al 31 estimated water demand for power production on a global, regional and country-level with mitigation strategies for the period 2015-2050 considering a high temporal and spatial resolution. Previous studies on estimating water requirements in the energy sector have focused on either a continental [32][33][34][35] or regional 24,25,36,37 level.…”

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confidence: 99%

Conflicting objectives of energy development and water security in Africa

Pappis

Sridharan

Howells

et al. 2020

Preprint

125

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Africa's economic and population growth prospects are likely to increase energy and water demands. This quantitative study shows that pathways towards decarbonization of the energy sector in Africa may lead to higher water withdrawals and consumption than expected. By 2065, investments in low-carbon energy infrastructure increase annual withdrawals from 1% (2.0oC) to 2% (1.5oC) of total renewable water resources compared to 3% in the baseline scenario, despite lower final energy demands in the mitigation scenarios. Water consumption, in comparison to the baseline, increases by 282% (2.0oC) and 300% (1.5oC) by 2065, due to the high water-intensity of the low-carbon energy system. To meet the 1.5oC pathway, the energy sector requires higher water consumption overall and per unit of energy than other scenarios. These findings demonstrate the crucial role of integrated energy planning and water resources management if Africa is to achieve climate-compatible growth.

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Global scenarios for significant water use reduction in thermal power plants based on cooling water demand estimation using satellite imagery

Abstract: Lohrmann, A., Farfan, J., Caldera, U. et al. Global scenarios for significant water use reduction in thermal power plants based on cooling water demand estimation using satellite imagery. Nat

Cited by 81 publications

References 31 publications

Energy Security Analysis for a 100% Renewable Energy Transition in Jordan by 2050

Energy Security Analysis for a 100% Renewable Energy Transition in Jordan by 2050

Increasing economic drought impacts in Europe with anthropogenic warming

Conflicting objectives of energy development and water security in Africa

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