Global risk levels for corn rusts (Puccinia sorghi and Puccinia polysora) under climate change projections

Abstract

Common rust (Puccinia sorghi) and southern rust (Puccinia polysora) are two of the most important foliar corn diseases worldwide. These fungi have caused severe economic loss to corn yields worldwide. The current and future potential distribution of these diseases was modelled with CLIMEX using the known current geographic locations of the rusts, growth and stress indices. The models were run under the A2 scenario using CSIRO‐Mk3·0 and MIROC‐H for 2050 and 2100. The current projection shows areas with marginal to optimal suitability in all the continents. The models for future projections display a general reduction in the Southern hemisphere and increase in the Northern hemisphere, especially for the southern rust. The overlay of the General Circulation Models produce an estimation of the common areas under risk for future climate conditions for the simultaneous occurrence for both corn rusts, with a reduction of the medium‐ and high‐risk categories by 2100. This study highlights the possible effects of climate change at a global level for common and southern rust, as well as the risk of occurrence of both diseases in common areas for future climate that could be particularly harmful for crops.

A genome‐wide association study for partial resistance to southern corn rust in tropical maize

“…In 2007 and 2008, the disease was observed in the northern part of China, suggesting that SCR will become epidemic throughout the summer and some spring seasons (Wang et al, ). Currently, in the USA, there is an absence of data regarding economic losses due to SCR; however, an increase in the disease occurrence has been reported in recent years, which may be related to an increase in host availability (Ramirez‐Cabral, Kumar, & Shabani, ). As described earlier, Rodríguez‐Ardon, Scott, and Hennen () estimated yield losses in the USA of 45%–50%; SCR also has the capacity to cause significant reductions in yield (17.7%–39.1%) even as far north as Pennsylvania and Maryland (Raid et al, ).…”

The combining ability of popcorn S7 lines for Puccinia polysora resistance purposes

“…Southern rust has become one of the main diseases affecting corn crops in Brazil, mainly those subjected to high temperature and humidity conditions (Ramirez-Cabral et al 2017;Casela and Ferreira 2002). Some factors such as the use of susceptible hybrids and monocropping in no-till systems in association with weather conditions favorable to inoculant outspread have increased the occurrence of this disease in Brazilian crops (Colombo et al 2014;Costa et al 2012).…”

The Association Rule of Corn Disease Symptoms by Using Frequent Pattern Growth and Random Forest

“…If visible plants that have been infected must be eradicated immediately. Can also be done by giving fungicides with benomil active ingredient [12].…”