W hen the world's attention was first captured by COVID-19, clinicians, policymakers, and society had innumerable questions and an urgent need for answers. There was a time-sensitive demand for fast-paced research to reduce transmission, morbidity, and mortality; improve diagnosis, treatment, and prognostication; and determine public policy/health measures. Furthermore, rapid dissemination of results could provide support for other research and reduce duplication of efforts. However, the importance of timeliness needed to be superseded by accuracy, objectivity, and integrity of the publication process to avoid transmission of misinformation, confusion for both the scientific and public communities, and unsubstantiated changes to public policy/health measures resulting in mistrust. Ideally, in the setting of a new crisis, the international scientific community should aim for papers to be based on big data and have transparent methodology, rapid distribution and broad availability with the opportunity for open data processing, and analysis to easily assess for reproducibility and replicability (1). It is also beneficial to have a large diverse author and reviewer pool to provide a multitude of perspectives, minimize bias, and prevent inaccuracies.Here, I reflect on the strengths and weaknesses of the research enterprise during the pandemic as pertains to publication volume, authorship and collaboration, peer review, accessibility, impact, and quality (Table 1). Because there is a dearth of bibliometric data on COVID-19 articles about neurology, in general, and neuro-ophthalmology, in particular, I broadly address COVID-19 articles from all disciplines but provide focused commentary on articles about neurology and ophthalmology when able.
PUBLICATION VOLUMEThe number of COVID-19 articles indexed on PubMed escalated quickly: while there were 114 posted in January 2020, 695 were added in February and 2029 were added in March (2). These articles were published in 632 different journals (32% American, 22% British, 8% Chinese, 5% Dutch, 4% German, and 5% other), 521 of which were indexed by the Journal Citation Reports and had a median impact factor of 5.099 (IQR 0.161-70.67). By late April, 12 weeks after the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a public health emergency of international concern, there were 7,155 articles on COVID-19 indexed on PubMed (3). The publication rate worldwide rose proportionately to the death rate and was significantly related to COVID-19 cases per capita, health care access and quality index, gross domestic product per capita and health spending per capita (all P , 0.0001), pre-COVID-19 h-index, Global Health Security Index, physicians per 1,000 inhabitants, and nurses per 1,000 inhabitants (all P , 0.05) (4,5).By the end of May, there were 92% more submissions to Elsevier's health and medicine journals compared with 2019 and 17,564 articles on COVID-19 were indexed on PubMed (6,7). At the end of 2020, there were over 100,000 articles on COVID-19, comprising 8% of all records in...