Global, Regional, and National Levels and Trends in Burden of Oral Conditions from 1990 to 2017: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease 2017 Study

Abstract

Government and nongovernmental organizations need national and global estimates on the descriptive epidemiology of common oral conditions for policy planning and evaluation. The aim of this component of the Global Burden of Disease study was to produce estimates on prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability for oral conditions from 1990 to 2017 by sex, age, and countries. In addition, this study reports the global socioeconomic pattern in burden of oral conditions by the standard World Bank classification of economies as well as the Global Burden of Disease Socio-demographic Index. The findings show that oral conditions remain a substantial population health challenge. Globally, there were 3.5 billion cases (95% uncertainty interval [95% UI], 3.2 to 3.7 billion) of oral conditions, of which 2.3 billion (95% UI, 2.1 to 2.5 billion) had untreated caries in permanent teeth, 796 million (95% UI, 671 to 930 million) had severe periodontitis, 532 million (95% UI, 443 to 622 million) had untreated caries in deciduous teeth, 267 million (95% UI, 235 to 300 million) had total tooth loss, and 139 million (95% UI, 133 to 146 million) had other oral conditions in 2017. Several patterns emerged when the World Bank’s classification of economies and the Socio-demographic Index were used as indicators of economic development. In general, more economically developed countries have the lowest burden of untreated dental caries and severe periodontitis and the highest burden of total tooth loss. The findings offer an opportunity for policy makers to identify successful oral health strategies and strengthen them; introduce and monitor different approaches where oral diseases are increasing; plan integration of oral health in the agenda for prevention of noncommunicable diseases; and estimate the cost of providing universal coverage for dental care.

Limited antimicrobial efficacy of oral care antiseptics in microcosm biofilms and phenotypic adaptation of bacteria upon repeated exposure

“…Dental caries and periodontal diseases, which both are among the most prevalent non-communicable diseases worldwide [5], are associated with biofilms [6]. In the oral cavity, formation of biofilms ("dental plaque") occurs on tooth or dental material surfaces, which is on the one hand essential for the physiology of the oral cavity, but can also result in clinical signs of dental caries or gingivitis, driven by emergence of dysbiosis in the oral microbiota [7].…”

Social determinants and behavioural factors influencing toothbrushing frequency among primary school children in rural Australian community of Lithgow, New South Wales

“…Dental caries is recognised as a global public health concern [1]. Amongst 354 diseases considered in the Global Burden of Disease study (1990-2017), untreated dental caries was the most ubiquitous disease [2,3]. In Australia, dental caries is the most common health issue in childhood [4].…”

The Burden of Early Childhood Caries in Children under 5 Years Old in the European Union and Associated Risk Factors: An Ecological Study

“…Then, with the help of the covariates’ database and further analysis, prevalence and incidence by location/year/age/sex for primary teeth caries are defined and count towards severity analysis. Additionally, from scientific literature data, a meta-analysis is carried out to define the duration of pain with patients having caries of primary teeth [ 32 ]. The disease burden data are annually available at the international level from 1990 to 2019.…”