Global, regional and national burdens of gout in the young population from 1990 to 2019: a population-based study

Abstract

ObjectiveTo use data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019 to report the global, regional and national rates and trends of annual incidence, point prevalence and years lived with disability (YLD) for gout in adolescents and young adults aged 15–39 years.MethodsWe conducted a serial cross-sectional study of gout burden in the young population aged 15–39 years using data from GBD Study 2019. We extracted rates per 100 000 population of incidence, prevalence and YLD of gout, then calculated their average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) at the global, regional and national level between 1990 and 2019 by sociodemographic index (SDI).ResultsThe global gout prevalent cases in individuals aged 15–39 years was 5.21 million in 2019, with the annual incidence substantially increasing from 38.71 to 45.94 per 100 000 population during 1990–2019 (AAPC 0.61, 95% CI 0.57 to 0.65). This substantial increase was observed in all SDI quintiles (low, low-middle, middle, high-middle and high) and every age subgroup (15–19, 20–24, 25–29, 30–34 and 35–39 years). Males accounted for 80% of the gout burden. High-income North America and East Asia were facing a substantial increase in gout incidence and YLD simultaneously. Elimination of high body mass index can reduce 31.74% of the gout YLD globally in 2019, which varied from 6.97% to 59.31% regionally and nationally.ConclusionGout incidence and YLD in the young population grew simultaneously and substantially in both developed and developing countries. Improving representative national-level data on gout, interventions for obesity and awareness in young populations are strongly suggested.

Intestinal toxicity alleviation and efficacy potentiation through therapeutic administration of Lactobacillus paracasei GY-1 in the treatment of gout flares with colchicine

“…17 However, further investigation is required to determine if GY-1 effectively reduces COL toxicity in the treatment of these diseases. According to reports, the occurrence and frequency of gout flares in young individuals are on the rise, 65 potentially due to the increased consumption of red meat, seafood, alcohol (especially purine-rich beer), and sugar-sweetened beverages. 66–68 In this scenario, individuals with gout, especially young patients, have a pressing need for effective therapeutic strategies.…”

Study of uricase-polynorbornene conjugates derived from grafting-from ring-opening metathesis polymerization

“…Protein therapeutics dominate the pharmaceutical market and are forecasted to surpass a market size of 490 billion USD by 2029. 1 Over the last decade we have seen a notable increase in FDA-approved biologics. 2 This progress can be attributed to high specificity of proteins that reduce off-target effects or interference with normal biological processes unlike small molecule drugs.…”

“…In this study, we have extended our technique to synthesize protein-polymer conjugates of urate oxidase (UO) or uricase, a therapeutically relevant enzyme used for the treatment of gout, which has been increasing in prevalence in the population. 1,66 Notably, the FDA-approved PEGylated UO (Pegloticase or Krystexxa s ) has shown clinical evidence of hypersensitivity reactions attributed to pre-existing anti-PEG antibodies, necessitating aggressive anti-inflammatory therapy and changes in patient treatments. 67,68 We demonstrate grafting-from ROMP for the synthesis of active UO conjugates with higher stability and lower immunogenicity.…”

Cardiovascular safety of febuxostat versus allopurinol among the Asian patients with or without gout: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Gout, a prevalent rheumatic metabolic disease, exhibits varying prevalence rates across different regions, countries, and races 1–3 . In the United Kingdom, the estimated prevalence of gout is 0.03%, whereas in Taiwan Province it is 10.42% 4 .…”

“…Gout, a prevalent rheumatic metabolic disease, exhibits varying prevalence rates across different regions, countries, and races. [1][2][3] In the United Kingdom, the estimated prevalence of gout is 0.03%, whereas in Taiwan Province it is 10.42%. 4 The incidence of gout is on the rise and is found in younger patients according to an epidemiologic study.…”