Global, regional, and national burden of severe periodontitis, 1990–2019: An analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Chen, Meng Xuan; Zhong, Yu; Dong, Qi; Wong, Hai Ming; Wen, Yi Feng

doi:10.1111/jcpe.13506

Cited by 240 publications

(225 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The treatment of 4-hydroxybenzenecarboximidamide (1) with ethyl chloroacetate in anhydrous conditions produced ethyl-2-(4-carbamimidoylphenoxy)acetate (2) (Scheme 1). In this esterification reaction, the hydrogen from the hydroxyl group underwent replacement with the ethylacetate group of ethyl chloroacetate to form compound (2). Previous research reported that reacting hydroxybenzaldehyde with ethyl chloroacetate leads to the successful synthesis of cyclic esters [21].…”

Section: Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Novel Benzamidine Derivatives: Newer Antibiotics for Periodontitis Treatment

et al. 2022

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Periodontal disease (PD) is complex polymicrobial disease which destroys tooth-supporting tissue. Although various synthetic inhibitors of periodontitis-triggering pathogens have been recognized, their undesirable side effects limit their application. Hence, the present study intended to perform the synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial evaluation, and cytotoxicity analysis of novel benzamidine analogues (NBA). This study involved the synthesis of novel imino bases of benzamidine (4a–c), by reacting different aromatic aldehydes with 2-(4-carbamimidoylphenoxy) acetohydrazide (3), which was synthesized by the hydrazination of ethyl 2-(4-carbamimidoylphenoxy) acetate (2), the derivative of 4-hydroxybenzene carboximidamide (1). This was followed by characterization using FTIR, 1H, 13C NMR and mass spectrometry. All synthesized compounds were further tested for antimicrobial potential against PD-triggering pathogens by the micro broth dilution method. The cytotoxicity analysis of the NBA against HEK 293 cells was conducted using an MTT assay. The present study resulted in a successful synthesis of NBA and elucidated their structures. The synthesized NBA exhibited significant antimicrobial activity values between 31.25 and 125 µg/mL against tested pathogens. All NBA exhibited weak cytotoxicity against HEK 293 cells at 7.81 µg, equally to chlorhexidine at 0.2%. The significant antimicrobial activity of NBA against PD-triggering pathogens supports their potential application in periodontitis treatment.

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Section: Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Novel Benzamidine Derivatives: Newer Antibiotics for Periodontitis Treatment

et al. 2022

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“…Global population growth accounted for 67.9% of the increase in the number of prevalent cases of severe periodontitis in the past 20 years. In 2019, the number of globally prevalent cases of severe periodontitis was 1.1 billion, with this number being higher in less developed countries/regions 6 . Reportedly, there are 500–700 common oral species in different oral structures and tissues, and only approximately 280 of these species have been cultured and formally named.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence of periodontal pathogenic bacteria in blood of patients with coronary artery disease

Corredor

Suarez-Molina

Fong

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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It has been hypothesised that oral bacteria can migrate, through the blood, from the mouth to the arterial plaques, thus exacerbating atherosclerosis. This study compared bacteria present in the peripheral blood of individuals with and without coronary artery disease (CAD). RNA sequences obtained from blood were downloaded from GEO (GSE58150). Eight patients with coronary artery calcification (CAC) scoring > 500 and eight healthy individuals were analysed. After conducting quality control, the sequences were aligned to the hg38 reference genome using Hisat2. Bacterial taxa were analysed by inputting the unmapped sequences into Kraken. Ecological indices were calculated using Vegan. The package DESeq2 was used to compare the counts of bacteria per standard rank between groups. A total of 51 species were found only in patients with CAD and 41 were exclusively present in healthy individuals. The counts of one phylum, one class, three orders, two families and one genus were significantly different between the analysed groups (p < 0.00032, FDR < 10%), including the orders Cardiobacteriales, Corynebacteriales and Fusobacteriales. Twenty-three bacterial species belonging to the subgingival plaque bacterial complexes were also identified in the blood of individuals from both the groups; Fusobacterium nucleatum was significantly less frequent in patients with CAD (p = 0.0012, FDR = 4.8%). Furthermore, the frequency of another 11 bacteria differed significantly among patients with CAD than that among healthy individuals (p < 0.0030, FDR < 10%). These bacteria have not been previously reported in patients with atherosclerosis and periodontitis. The presence of members of the subgingival plaque bacterial complexes in the blood of patients with CAC supports the hypothesis that the periodontopathogens can be disseminated through the blood flow to other body parts where they may enhance inflammatory processes that can lead to the development or exacerbation of atherosclerosis.

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“…The agestandardized prevalence rate in 2019 was 13109/100000. From 1990 to 2019, the global age-standardized prevalence rate increased by 8.44% [5]. Periodontitis is also related to systemic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, rheumatoid arthritis, respiratory disease, resulting in more serious effects on general health [2,[6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Smoking on Subgingival Plaque and the Development of Periodontitis: A Literature Review

Zhang

Dou

et al. 2021

Front. Oral. Health

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Smoking seriously affects oral health and causes a variety of oral diseases. Numerous clinical data show that smoking significantly increases the risk of periodontitis, and the duration and amount of smoking are positively correlated with the severity of periodontitis. In fact, smoking creates an environment conducive to the colonization of periodontopathogens, which affects the process of periodontitis. Since subgingival plaque which harbors periodontopathogens is the initiation factor of periodontitis, it is critical to study the impact of smoking on subgingival microbiota for understanding the relationship between smoking and periodontitis. Continuous advances have been made on the understanding of effects of smoking on subgingival plaque and the development of periodontitis. Smoking is observed to enhance the pathogenicity of periodontopathogens, especially the red complex microorganisms, via promoting their colonization and infection, and regulating the expression and function of multiple virulence factors. Furthermore, smoking has a negative impact on periodontal microecological homeostasis, which is reflected in the decrease of commensal bacteria and the increase of periodontopathogens, as well as the changes in the interaction between periodontopathogens and their commensal microbes in subgingival biofilm, thus influencing the pathogenicity of the subgingival plaque. In summary, the mechanism of smoking on subgingival plaque microorganisms represented by the red complex and its effect on the periodontal microecology still need to be further explored. The relevant research results are of great significance for guiding the periodontal clinical treatment of smoking population. This review summarizes the effects and relevant mechanisms of smoking on subgingival plaque and the development of periodontitis.

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Global, regional, and national burden of severe periodontitis, 1990–2019: An analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Cited by 240 publications

References 39 publications

Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Novel Benzamidine Derivatives: Newer Antibiotics for Periodontitis Treatment

Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Novel Benzamidine Derivatives: Newer Antibiotics for Periodontitis Treatment

Presence of periodontal pathogenic bacteria in blood of patients with coronary artery disease

The Impact of Smoking on Subgingival Plaque and the Development of Periodontitis: A Literature Review

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