Global prevalence of hepatitis C virus in children in 2018: a modelling study

Schmelzer, Jonathan; Dugan, Ellen; Blach, Sarah; Coleman, Samantha; Cai, Zongzhen; DePaola, Mindi; Estes, Chris; Gamkrelidze, Ivane; Jerabek, Kathryn; Ma, Sheng; Montoya, Shauna; Razavi‐Shearer, Devin; Razavi‐Shearer, Kathryn; Robbins-Scott, Sarah; Razavi, Homie; El-Sayed, Manal Hamdy

doi:10.1016/s2468-1253(19)30385-1

Cited by 93 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The deaths caused by hepatitis B and C were not in an equilibrium distribution across the world, which was ascribed to the varied seroprevalence of HBV and HCV from country to country. 21,22 The HBV is endemic in developing countries in Asia and Africa. Although a set of prevention measures have been performed for years, such as the wide coverage of HBV vaccination, the disease burden of hepatitis B is still at a high level in these countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disease burden of viral hepatitis A, B, C and E: A systematic analysis

Liu

Shi

Jin

et al. 2020

Journal of Viral Hepatitis

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Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver, most often due to viral infections. The five viruses responsible for most cases of hepatitis include A, B, C, D and E. All hepatitis viruses can cause acute hepatitis; however, hepatitis B and hepatitis C most commonly lead to progressive liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and an increased risk of liver cancer. 1-5 In 2017, the most recent year for which estimates are available, the number of deaths worldwide from viral hepatitis rose to 1.41 million, outstripping those from tuberculosis (1.18 million), HIV/AIDS (0.95 million) or malaria (0.62 million) individually. 6 More importantly, this gap will be further enlarged in the near future. 7 In fact, by 2040, deaths from chronic hepatitis are projected to exceed the combined mortality associated with HIV infection, tuberculosis and malaria. 7

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disease burden of viral hepatitis A, B, C and E: A systematic analysis

Liu

Shi

Jin

et al. 2020

Journal of Viral Hepatitis

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“…The global estimate for hepatitis C virus (HCV) viraemic prevalence in the paediatric population aged 0‐18 years was 0.13% (95% confidence interval, 0.08‐0.16), corresponding to 3.26 million (2.07‐3.9) children with HCV in 2018 1 . The efficacy of direct‐acting anti‐virals (DAAs) for treatment of HCV infection has been well established in adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review with meta‐analysis: the efficacy and safety of direct‐acting antivirals in children and adolescents with chronic hepatitis C virus infection

Indolfi

Giometto

Serranti

et al. 2020

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

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SummaryBackgroundThe effect of direct‐acting anti‐virals (DAAs) in children and adolescents with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is difficult to determine, since few, aged between 3 and 18 years, have been enrolled in clinical trials, and some data come from observational studies.AimTo summarise the evidence on efficacy and safety of DAAs in children and adolescents with chronic HCV infection.MethodsWe performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis of prospective studies on the efficacy and safety of DAAs in subjects <18 years of age. We considered the sustained virological response at post‐treatment week 12 as efficacy outcome and adverse events as safety outcome. We considered intervention effect for each study arm by calculating the proportion of sustained virologic response at post‐treatment week 12 in subjects receiving all doses of treatment and proportion of adverse events in subjects receiving at least one dose of treatment. Pooled proportions were calculated using the Freeman‐Tukey double arcsine transformation. Random effects model was used for all analyses.ResultsAmong 39 included studies (1796 subjects), the pooled proportion among those receiving all doses of treatment and reaching sustained virologic response at post‐treatment week 12 was 100% (95% confidence interval: 100‐100). Considering subjects receiving at least one dose of treatment, lowest estimates were reported among children with cirrhosis (83%). Headache and fatigue were the most common adverse events. Serious adverse events were uncommon.ConclusionsChildren and adolescents with chronic HCV infection can be safely treated with DAAs with similar efficacy as reported in adults.

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“…Эта инфекция, согласно данным Всемирной организации здравоохранения (ВОЗ), определяется у 1% населения планеты, что составляет около 71 млн человек. Болезнь поражает большое число лиц молодого и трудоспособного возраста [2], сопровождается длительным стертым течением с возможным развитием фиброза, цирроза печени и гепатоцеллюлярной карциномы (ГЦК) [3,4]. Все это неизбежно ведет к росту инвалидизации, смертности населения [5] и к увеличению государственных экономических потерь [6].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Current international guidelines for the management of patients with chronic viral hepatitis C

2020

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The new American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and Infectious Diseases Society of America recommendations for the management of hepatitis C patients are analyzed. To screen for viral hepatitis C, it is recommended that antibodies to the hepatitis C virus and RNA be detected in individuals with increased risk of infection. Patients with an increased risk of infection include people who inject narcotic drugs; patients with prolonged hemodialysis; health workers after contact with the blood or mucous membranes of a patient with viral hepatitis C; persons who received blood transfusions or blood components before 1987. In most patients, non-invasive tests can be used to diagnose liver fibrosis, which include physical examination, determination of serum fibrosis markers, including the FIB-4 index, ultrasound or computed tomography of the liver and liver elastography. The introduction of direct antiviral drug regimens significantly facilitated the treatment of viral hepatitis C and significantly increased the frequency of response to antiviral treatment. The development of combined pathogenetic regimens with a relatively short duration of treatment has become an important step in the management of patients with viral hepatitis C. New American recommendations suggest the use of pangenotypic regimens in patients with viral hepatitis C without fibrosis or with compensated liver cirrhosis: glecaprevir (300 mg)/pibrentasvir (120 mg) 3 pills per day within 8 weeks or the combination of sofosbuvir (400 mg)/velpatasvir (100 mg) 1 pill per day for 12 weeks with the expected response to therapy in 95–100% of patients. Review authors note a number of rational aspects of the new American recommendations, but consider that experienced and qualified specialists should treat patients with chronic viral hepatitis C in Russia.

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Global prevalence of hepatitis C virus in children in 2018: a modelling study

Cited by 93 publications

References 19 publications

Disease burden of viral hepatitis A, B, C and E: A systematic analysis

Disease burden of viral hepatitis A, B, C and E: A systematic analysis

Systematic review with meta‐analysis: the efficacy and safety of direct‐acting antivirals in children and adolescents with chronic hepatitis C virus infection

Current international guidelines for the management of patients with chronic viral hepatitis C

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