Global prevalence of hepatitis B virus serological markers among healthcare workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Mahamat, Gadji; Kenmoe, Sébastien; Akazong, Etheline W; Ebogo‐Belobo, Jean Thierry; Mbaga, Donatien Serge; Bowo‐Ngandji, Arnol; Foe-Essomba, Joseph Rodrigue; Amougou-Atsama, Marie; Monamele, Chavely Gwladys; Mikangue, Chris Andre Mbongue; Kame‐Ngasse, Ginette Irma; Magoudjou‐Pekam, Jeannette Nina; Zemnou-Tepap, Cromwel; Meta‐Djomsi, Dowbiss; Maïdadi‐Foudi, Martin; Touangnou-Chamda, Sabine Aimée; Daha-Tchoffo, Audrey Gaelle; Selly-Ngaloumo, Abdel Aziz; Nayang-Mundo, Rachel Audrey; Yéngué, Jacqueline Félicité; Taya-Fokou, Jean Bosco; Fokou, Lorraine K M; Kenfack‐Momo, Raoul; Ngongang, Dimitri Tchami; Noura, Efietngab Atembeh; Tazokong, Hervé Raoul; Emoh, Cynthia Paola Demeni; Kengne‐Nde, Cyprien; Bigna, Jean Joël; Boyomo, Onana; Njouom, Richard

doi:10.4254/wjh.v13.i9.1190

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Accidental exposure to blood and blood products, occupational injuries such as needle-sticks and other injuries from sharp objects, lack of experience or practice with HBV infection, and not having been vaccinated were all risk factors for high seroprevalence of HBV infection in certain places ( 32 – 34 , 36 , 47 , 51 ). Mahamat et al ( 21 ) published a study on global seroprevalence among HCWs that was similar to ours. Our study, on the other hand, shows a link between HBV seroprevalence and HCWs knowledge or awareness of HBV infection, which was not addressed in the previous study ( 21 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Although HCWs are more aware of Hepatitis B, several countries lack a comprehensive grasp of the disease biology, transmission methods, risk of transmission, clinical characteristics, and vaccination availability ( 20 ). Hepatitis B virus seroprevalence among HCWs was reported in a prior study by Mahamat et al ( 21 ), but there was no relationship study between seroprevalence and knowledge or awareness ( 21 ). Hepatitis B awareness is lower among HCWs in developing countries, which is linked to poorer preventive attitudes, including lower Hepatitis B vaccine coverage ( 22 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Among Healthcare Workers in Asia and Africa and Its Association With Their Knowledge and Awareness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Maamor

Muhamad

Dali

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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IntroductionThe hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a blood-borne virus that can be transmitted by percutaneous and mucocutaneous contact with infected bodily fluid. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are more exposed to HBV infection. They must have a thorough understanding of HBV infection since they can contract and spread the virus. In this study, we systematically reviewed all published evidence on the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among HCWs. and synthesize evidence on the association between knowledge and awareness with HBV infection.MethodsWe searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Scopus for studies reporting on HBV seroprevalence from January 1997 to September 2021 among healthcare workers. We used random-effects meta-analyses to estimate the pool prevalence of HBV infection.ResultsWe identified 25 studies that met our inclusion criteria, with data on 10,043 adults from 11 countries and two regions: Africa and Asia. The overall seroprevalence of HBV was 5.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.6%), with Africa reporting higher estimates (5.0%, 95% CI 3.7%) than Asia population (4.0%, 95% CI 1.9%). The highest pooled prevalence estimate in African countries came from studies published in the Cameroon region (8.0%, 95% CI 5–10%) while the lowest came from Ethiopia (4.0%, 95% CI 2.6%). The overall seroprevalence estimates in the African population were significantly higher than those in the Asian group. Studies in Africa found that the average knowledge and seroprevalence were 1.4% and 11.0%, respectively where, eight studies (53.3%) reported good knowledge and seven studies (46.7%) reported average knowledge. In Asia, two studies (40.0%) reported good knowledge, one study (20.0%) reporting average knowledge, and two studies (40.0%) reporting poor knowledge. African studies demonstrated good knowledge despite the fact that their HBV infection rate was higher than 6.7%.ConclusionAfrica and Asia have the highest seroprevalence of HBV infection. Improving the comparability of epidemiological and clinical studies constitutes an important step forward. More high-quality data is needed to improve the precision of burden estimates.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO CRD42021279905.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Among Healthcare Workers in Asia and Africa and Its Association With Their Knowledge and Awareness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Maamor

Muhamad

Dali

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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“…Few diseases of a viral nature have the same global significance as hepatitis B virus (HBV). Approximately one-third of the world population is infected with HBV, including about 360 million people infected chronically [1]. Historically, the World Health Organization (WHO) Western Pacific Region (WPR) has had the world's highest prevalence of chronic HBV infection (greater than 5%) [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Historically, the World Health Organization (WHO) Western Pacific Region (WPR) has had the world's highest prevalence of chronic HBV infection (greater than 5%) [2]. Due to the clinical complications of the infection, such as cirrhosis of the liver and hepatocellular carcinoma, about 1 million deaths occur each year [1]. Globally, HBV-related liver disease represents the seventh highest cause of mortality worldwide [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recombinant HBsAg of the Wild-Type and the G145R Escape Mutant, included in the New Multivalent Vaccine against Hepatitis B Virus, Dramatically Differ in their Effects on Leukocytes from Healthy Donors In Vitro

et al. 2022

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Immune-escape hepatitis B virus (HBV) mutants play an important role in HBV spread. Recently, the multivalent vaccine Bubo®-Unigep has been developed to protect against both wild-type HBV and the most significant G145R mutant. Here, we compared the effects of recombinant HBsAg antigens, wild-type and mutated at G145R, both included in the new vaccine, on activation of a human high-density culture of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in vitro. The antigens were used either alone or in combination with phytohemagglutinin (PHA). None of the antigens alone affected the expression of CD40, HLA-DR or CD279. Wild-type HBsAg enhanced CD86 and CD69 expression, and induced TNF-α, IL-10, and IFN-γ, regardless of the anti-HBsAg status of donor. In the presence of PHA, wild-type HBsAg had no effect on either of the tested surface markers, but increased IFN-γ and IL-10 and inhibited IL-2. In contrast, the G145R mutant alone did not affect CD86 expression, it induced less CD69, and stimulated IL-2 along with lowering levels of TNF-α, IL-10, and IFN-γ. The G145R mutant also suppressed PHA-induced activation of CD69. The dramatic differences in the immune responses elicited by wild-type HBsAg and the G145R mutant HBsAg suggest distinct adaptive capabilities of the G145R mutant HBV.

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An Efficient Algorithm for Solving the Fractional Hepatitis B Treatment Model Using Generalized Bessel Polynomial

Avazzadeh,

Hassani,

Eshkaftaki

et al. 2023

Iran J Sci

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Global prevalence of hepatitis B virus serological markers among healthcare workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 19 publications

References 39 publications

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Among Healthcare Workers in Asia and Africa and Its Association With Their Knowledge and Awareness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Among Healthcare Workers in Asia and Africa and Its Association With Their Knowledge and Awareness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Recombinant HBsAg of the Wild-Type and the G145R Escape Mutant, included in the New Multivalent Vaccine against Hepatitis B Virus, Dramatically Differ in their Effects on Leukocytes from Healthy Donors In Vitro

An Efficient Algorithm for Solving the Fractional Hepatitis B Treatment Model Using Generalized Bessel Polynomial

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