Global Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Study

Abstract

Objectives: Pregnant women are among the most vulnerable groups for Helicobacter pylori infection. The infection may cause nausea, vomiting, anemia, fetal growth restriction, fetal anomalies and low birth weight of infants. H. pylori prevalence during pregnancy is vary widely between different geographical regions and given the importance of this infection in pregnancy, systematic review and meta-analysis has been done. Materials and Methods:The current study has been conducted based on PRISMA guideline. The time interval of the investigated studies was from the beginning of 2000 until March 2016. In order to achieve the related literature, databases sources such as Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane, Embase, Springer, Wiley online library, as well as Google Scholar search engine was used. The search was done using Mesh keywords. Furthermore, all the articles that met the inclusion criteria were evaluated. The data has been analyzed using the random-effects models for meta-analysis and the Stata 11.1. Results: In 24 studies, a total of 19426 pregnant women had been investigated. The worldwide prevalence of H. pylori infection in pregnant women was calculated to be 46% (95% CI: 38-54). The lowest prevalence of H. pylori infection was seen in Europe, 25% (95% CI: 9-40) and the highest prevalence in South America 62% (95% CI: 53-71 IntroductionThroughout the history of the world, the ones who had confronted the bitterest face of poverty and war had always been the women. As known poverty and war affects human health either directly or indirectly, the effects of this condition on health and status of women in the society should not be ignored. This study intends to cast light on the effects of war and poverty on the reproductive health of women. For this purpose, the face of war affecting the women, the problem of immigration, inequalities in distribution of income based on gender and the effects of all these on the reproductive health of women will be addressed.

Helicobacter pylori infection increases the risk of developing preeclampsia: A meta-analysis of observational studies

“…H. pylori infection is quite prevalent among pregnant women and is implicated in a variety of complications. It is associated with increased oxidative stress, as it promotes generation of reactive oxygen species and depletion of antioxidant molecules, such as nitric oxide and glutathione .…”

“…[35][36][37] The HPSA assay is a quite efficient assay (sensitivity: 0.94, specificity: 0.97), which is able to accurately discriminate active from past infection. 37,38 H. pylori infection is quite prevalent among pregnant women 10 and is implicated in a variety of complications. It is associated with increased oxidative stress, as it promotes generation of reactive oxygen species and depletion of antioxidant molecules, such as nitric oxide and glutathione.…”

“…Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) is an infectious agent that has been linked with various complications during the pregnancy course, including iron deficiency anaemia and hyperemesis gravidarum . It is estimated to be present in 46% of pregnancies . Cytotoxin‐associated gene A (CagA) is a 120‐145 kDa protein that has been previously linked with the development of gastric cancer .…”

The Relationship between Selenium and Lung Cancer: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…One of the most important goals of meta-analysis, which results from the combination of studies, reduces the difference between the parameters, and reduces the confidence interval (CI) due to the increasing number of studies involved and samples size in the analysis, and finally, results are solving a problem, especially in the field of medicine (12,13). Therefore, we have carried out the present systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the relationship between selenium and lung cancer and to evaluate the risks and benefits associated with selenium intake in the treatment and prevention of lung cancer.…”

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Prevalence of Anemia Among Pregnant Iranian Women (2005 - 2015)

“…Without treatment, anemia can cause an increase in fetal and maternal mortality rates (6)(7)(8). Recent studies have shown that anemia is responsible for 15% -20% of maternal deaths (5).…”