Global prevalence and associated risk factors of posttraumatic stress disorder during COVID-19 pandemic: A meta-analysis

Yunitri, Ninik; Chu, Hsin; Kang, Xiao Linda; Jen, Hsiu‐Ju; Pien, Li-Chung; Tsai, Hsiu Ting; Kamil, Abdu Rahim; Chou, Kuei‐Ru

doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2021.104136

Cited by 87 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Other interpersonal characteristics, such age, gender, and education level, were not associated with PTSD. It is were consistent with those of a recently performed meta‐study (Yunitri et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…This condition also occurs in people who experienced repeated or severe exposure to an event. A study on COVID‐19‐related PTSD among health care providers reported that nurses who had direct patient contact were most vulnerable to PTSD (Yunitri et al, 2022 ). Nurses were more likely to develop PTSD if they directly cared for COVID‐19 patients, experienced self‐isolation after exposure (Carmassi et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Posttraumatic stress disorder and related factors among nurses working during the COVID‐19 pandemic

Bae

Yoon

Kim

et al. 2022

J Nursing Management

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Aim To analyse the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and examine its related factors among nurses who worked during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic in Daegu, South Korea. Background Nurses are a high‐risk population for PTSD, especially during the COVID‐19 pandemic. This study was conducted to identify the nursing work environmental factors that should be addressed to reduce PTSD. Methods Using a cross‐sectional design, 365 nurses were enrolled. Their characteristics (intrapersonal, interpersonal, organizational, and COVID‐19‐related) and PTSD Checklist‐5 scores were analysed. Results The average PTSD score was 14.98 ± 15.94, and 16.5% of the participants had a high risk of PTSD. Nurses were more likely to have PTSD if they were married (odds ratio = 3.02, p = .013) and when nurse managers' abilities, leadership, and support of nurses were low (odds ratio = 3.81, p < .001). Conclusions The nursing work environment was found to be associated with PTSD. Therefore, interventions are necessary to increase nurse managers' abilities, leadership, and support for nurses to reduce the risk of PTSD among nurses. Implications for Nursing Management Effective professional and social support and interventions to improve nurse managers' abilities, leadership, and support of nurses are needed to reduce PTSD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic stress disorder and related factors among nurses working during the COVID‐19 pandemic

Bae

Yoon

Kim

et al. 2022

J Nursing Management

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“…Recent meta-analyses, e.g., [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ], also show how COVID-19 pandemic conditions affected the mental health of COVID-19 patients, healthcare professionals and the general population. A study [ 28 ] examining several short-term mental health consequences of COVID-19 (K = 55; N = 189.159) found prevalences of depression (k = 46) 15.97% (95%CI, 13.24–19.13), anxiety (k = 54) 15.15% (95%CI, 12.29–18.54), insomnia (k = 14) 23.87% (95%CI, 15.74–34.48), PTSD (k = 13) 21.94% (95%CI, 9.37–43.31) and psychological distress (k = 19)13.29% (95%CI, 8.80–19.57) that were significantly higher compared to the general population under normal circumstances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Implication of the First Wave of COVID-19 on Mental Health: Results from a Portuguese Sample

Quintas

Guerreiro

Carvalho

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The social conditions created by the COVID-19 pandemic had a great potential to affect the mental health of individuals. Meta-analyses indicate a rise in these problems in these periods among general populations, patients and health professionals, even with substantial heterogeneous results. This paper examines mental health impacts specifically during the first wave of COVID-19. An online survey was conducted with a Portuguese convenience sample (N = 1.062) comprising questions about substance use, perceived stress, post-traumatic stress disorder and self-damage behaviors. The results concerning substance use show an extensive use of medication to sleep or calm down, especially among women and older respondents, a small percentage of alcohol consumers with a high pattern of use and less frequent cannabis consumption, even with a quarter of users who began only in the COVID-19 period. The rates of perceived stress and PTSD were higher compared with international prevalence estimations during the pandemic conditions. Both correlated measures were worse for women and young people. Another problematic issue was the rate of suicidal ideation, with a relevant proportion of starters during this period. These data reinforce the need to promote access to mental health services.

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“…According to the most recently published meta-analysis at the time of writing, the estimated prevalence of significant PTSD symptomatology during the COVID-19 pandemic is 17.5%. However, this estimate included studies of general population samples as well as groups perceived to be at a higher risk of PTSD, such as survivors of severe COVID-19 and healthcare or other frontline workers (Yunitri et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Certain factors have been found to predict the development of symptoms of PTSD during the pandemic. These include demographic factors such as age, geographical location and employment (e.g., nursing staff or other healthcare workers), and methodological factors such as the choice of instrument used to screen for PTSD or the specific group being studied (e.g., patients with COVID-19, staff working in COVID-19 units); however, the differences that could be attributed to these factors were modest (Cénat et al, 2021 ; Yunitri et al, 2022 ). However, certain other factors that were found to contribute to psychological distress during the pandemic have not been specifically studied in the context of PTSD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Contributions of Pandemic Severity, Government Stringency, Cultural Values and Internet Usage to Post-traumatic Stress Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Analysis of Data From 35 Countries

Rajkumar

2022

Front. Sociol.

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Emergent symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been frequently reported in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, and may affect up to 17–18% of individuals. There is preliminary evidence that pandemic severity, cultural values, restrictions imposed by governments, and Internet usage may all influence the emergence of PTSD symptomatology. In this study, possible linear- and non-linear associations between these factors and the prevalence of PTSD symptoms across 35 countries were examined based on data from existing research. Evidence was found for a positive logarithmic relationship between the COVID-19 case-fatality ratio and PTSD (p = 0.046), a positive logarithmic relationship between power distance and PTSD (p = 0.047), and a trend toward a negative quadratic association with Internet usage (p = 0.051). No significant cross-national effect was observed for government restrictiveness. These findings suggest that strategies aimed at minimizing COVID-19 deaths, and at ensuring equitable access to essential resources, may be of use in reducing the emergence of PTSD symptoms at a population level during this pandemic.

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Global prevalence and associated risk factors of posttraumatic stress disorder during COVID-19 pandemic: A meta-analysis

Cited by 87 publications

References 42 publications

Posttraumatic stress disorder and related factors among nurses working during the COVID‐19 pandemic

Posttraumatic stress disorder and related factors among nurses working during the COVID‐19 pandemic

The Implication of the First Wave of COVID-19 on Mental Health: Results from a Portuguese Sample

The Contributions of Pandemic Severity, Government Stringency, Cultural Values and Internet Usage to Post-traumatic Stress Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Analysis of Data From 35 Countries

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