Global Positioning System Observations of Ionospheric Total Electron Content Variations During the 15th January 2010 and 21st June 2020 Solar Eclipse

Silwal, Ashok; Gautam, Sujan Prasad; Poudel, P.; Karki, Monika; Adhikari, Binod; Chapagain, Narayan P.; Mishra, Roshan Kumar; Ghimire, B. D.; Migoya-Orué, Yenca

doi:10.1029/2020rs007215

Cited by 21 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…They reported GMS-induced TEC perturbations in sectors they studied with higher variations in Brazil and India sectors than South African and Australian regions. Furthermore, Silwal et al (2021) explored GPS-derived TEC variations due to two Solar Eclipse, which occurred on January 15, 2010 and June 21, 2020, over Nepal. To identify the influence of the eclipse on the TEC, they compared TEC values on the day of the eclipse with the mean of TEC of five quietest days in the month and indicated lessening of TEC value in the GPS stations considered in consequence of attenuation of solar irradiation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Spatio‐Temporal Evolution of Global Ionospheric Storm Drivers and Hemispherical Asymmetry During 17–18 March 2015 Geomagnetic Storm

Terefe

Nigussie

2021

JGR Space Physics

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Excess energy and momentum deposition into the Earth's magnetosphere owing to the invasion of solar wind outbursts arising from active regions of the Sun causes major disturbances in the geomagnetic field referred to as geomagnetic storms (GMSs) (D'ujanga et al., 2013). The main drivers of GMSs are solar flares, coronal mass ejections (CMEs), and fast wind streams from coronal holes or their interplanetary remnants known as the interplanetary coronal mass ejections (Rawat et al., 2010;Richardson et al., 2006). The occurrence of GMSs is marked with a larger southward pointing interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), B z < −10 nT, that sustain for a period of time approximately longer than 3 h (Gonzalez & Tsurutani, 1987;Gonzalez et al., 1994). Southward B z is quite essential as it facilitates the transfer of energy, mass, and momentum from the solar wind into the Earth's magnetosphere through the magnetic reconnection with the northward directed geomagnetic field around Earth's magnetopause (Dungey, 1961).The state of the ionosphere at times of GMSs, commonly named ionospheric storms, describes variations of ionospheric parameters such as electron density, total electron content (TEC), or critical frequency (f o F 2 ) in response to geomagnetic storms. Based on the storm-induced alterations of the ionospheric parameters the ionospheric storms can be categorized as positive/negative corresponding to an increase/decrease in ionospheric parameters (

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confidence: 99%

Spatio‐Temporal Evolution of Global Ionospheric Storm Drivers and Hemispherical Asymmetry During 17–18 March 2015 Geomagnetic Storm

Terefe

Nigussie

2021

JGR Space Physics

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“…TEC is used to examine the ionospheric responses to the Sun's abrupt drop in radiation during a solar eclipse (Silwal et al 2021). TEC values were calculated using data collected by GPS receivers in Antarctica.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Total Solar Eclipse on Ionospheric Total Electron Content over Antarctica on 2021 December 4

Idosa

Rikitu

2022

ApJ

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The effects of a total solar eclipse that occurred on 2021 December 4 on ionospheric total electron content (TEC) over Antarctic stations were studied. The study was based on GPS data obtained over Antarctica on the day of the eclipse and the days before and after the eclipse over six GPS stations. The findings of this study show that a total solar eclipse lowers the amount of ionization reaching the Earth’s surface with TEC values dropping across the stations. Finally, the enhancement of ΔTEC is quite different from one station to another station. This may also be due to the effect of solar heating conditions and the density of the Sun as exerted over the stations with the Sun side over one station and the clouded part over the others.

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“…Similarly, Detrended cross‐correlation analysis (DXA) is also implemented in this work to study the correlation and time lag between geomagnetic index (SYM‐H & AE) and ionospheric parameters (foF2, NmF2, hmF2 & TEC). The cross‐correlation evaluates the similarity between variables in time series data and reveals previously unknown information (Adhikari & Chapagain, 2015; Liou et al., 2001; Silwal, Gautam, Poudel, et al., 2021). Cross‐correlation with a value of around one indicates a high correlation, while a value near zero implies no correlation (Katz, 1988).…”

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confidence: 99%

Ionospheric Signatures During G2, G3 and G4 Storms in Mid‐Latitude

Dahal¹,

Adhikari

Khadka³

et al. 2022

Radio Science

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This paper presents a wavelet‐based analysis of ionospheric irregularities induced by three different geomagnetic storms of varying strength and interplanetary origin over three mid‐latitudes stations, viz. Moscow, Fairford, and Rome. We observed the highest decrease in ionospheric variables (foF2, total electron content (TEC), and NmF2) during the negative phase of the G4 storm. Interestingly, hmF2 exhibits the opposite trend in terms of variation. The maximum ionization height (hmF2) for the G4 event is 500 km (during the main phase) and 150 km (during the recovery phase). Within 2–3 hr of the G4 event, the value of hmF2 is found to decline by 70%. The largest reduction (80%) in critical frequency (foF2) is observed during the negative phase of this event, which is also confirmed by the continuous wavelet transform results. During the negative phase, we observed noticeable power shifts in the signal of the ionospheric parameters toward the lower Fourier period band. During the G4 storm—Particularly during the negative phase—The lowest power linked with the ionospheric parameter's signal was discovered. Additionally, we used detrended cross‐correlation analysis to investigate the correlation and time lag between geomagnetic indices (Symmetric H‐component (SYM‐H) & auroral electrojet) and ionospheric parameters (foF2, NmF2, hmF2 & TEC). The significant association between SYM‐H and ionospheric parameters suggests that the magnetosphere‐ionosphere interaction produces intense electric field disturbances and winds in the mid‐latitudes, resulting in the perturbation of hmF2, foF2, TEC, and NmF2.

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Global Positioning System Observations of Ionospheric Total Electron Content Variations During the 15th January 2010 and 21st June 2020 Solar Eclipse

Cited by 21 publications

References 75 publications

Spatio‐Temporal Evolution of Global Ionospheric Storm Drivers and Hemispherical Asymmetry During 17–18 March 2015 Geomagnetic Storm

Spatio‐Temporal Evolution of Global Ionospheric Storm Drivers and Hemispherical Asymmetry During 17–18 March 2015 Geomagnetic Storm

Effects of Total Solar Eclipse on Ionospheric Total Electron Content over Antarctica on 2021 December 4

Ionospheric Signatures During G2, G3 and G4 Storms in Mid‐Latitude

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