Global Plant Stress Signaling: Reactive Oxygen Species at the Cross-Road

Abstract

Current technologies have changed biology into a data-intensive field and significantly increased our understanding of signal transduction pathways in plants. However, global defense signaling networks in plants have not been established yet. Considering the apparent intricate nature of signaling mechanisms in plants (due to their sessile nature), studying the points at which different signaling pathways converge, rather than the branches, represents a good start to unravel global plant signaling networks. In this regard, growing evidence shows that the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of the most common plant responses to different stresses, representing a point at which various signaling pathways come together. In this review, the complex nature of plant stress signaling networks will be discussed. An emphasis on different signaling players with a specific attention to ROS as the primary source of the signaling battery in plants will be presented. The interactions between ROS and other signaling components, e.g., calcium, redox homeostasis, membranes, G-proteins, MAPKs, plant hormones, and transcription factors will be assessed. A better understanding of the vital roles ROS are playing in plant signaling would help innovate new strategies to improve plant productivity under the circumstances of the increasing severity of environmental conditions and the high demand of food and energy worldwide.

Harnessing host ROS-generating machinery for the robust genome replication of a plant RNA virus

“…LC156098 and LC156099, respectively). 1 To whom correspondence may be addressed. Email: khyodo@okayama-u.ac.jp or okuno@ agr.ryukoku.ac.jp.…”

“…The rapid generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of the hallmarks of plant responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses (1). Plant NADPH oxidase, termed RBOHs (respiratory burst oxidase homologs), localize at the plasma membrane (PM) and intracellular compartments including the Golgi apparatus (2,3) and play a key role in ROS production upon the perception of environmental stresses (4).…”

“…It has recently been shown that receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases and calciumdependent protein kinases (CDPKs) regulate RBOHs activity via direct phosphorylation or through modulating regulators of RBOHs during recognition of MAMPs via corresponding surface-localized pattern recognition receptors (13)(14)(15)(16). RBOH-derived ROS induce stomatal closure to keep out invading bacteria, cross-linking the plant cell wall to block pathogen entry, and trigger local and systemic transcriptional reprogramming to activate plant immunity (1,4,9,10). However, the function of ROS in plant-virus interactions remains largely unknown.…”

Study of the Interactive Effects of Calcium and Abscisic Acid on Drought Stressed Triticum aestivum Seedlings

“…In addition, plants have non-enzymatic antioxidants such as ascorbic acid (ASA) and glutathione (GSH). These antioxidant defense systems control the cascades of uncontrolled oxidation processes and protect plant cells from oxidative damage by scavenging ROS (Sewelam et al, 2016).…”

Comparative study of salt stress-induced physiological and molecular responses in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

“…Exposure of one type of stress can often have the same effect as another stress and responses to these factors may share common molecular and biochemical signalling. Therefore it is difficult to make a difference between underlying mechanisms because there are overlaps and crosstalk between the major regulatory pathways responding to abiotic stresses (Knight and Knight 2001;Sewelam et al, 2016).…”