2019
DOI: 10.1038/s41564-019-0494-6
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Global phylogeography and ancient evolution of the widespread human gut virus crAssphage

Abstract: Microbiomes are vast communities of microbes and viruses that populate all natural ecosystems. Viruses have been considered the most variable component of microbiomes, as supported by virome surveys and examples of high genomic mosaicism. However, recent evidence suggests that the human gut virome is remarkably stable compared to other environments. Here we investigate the origin, evolution, and epidemiology of crAssphage, a widespread human gut virus. Through a global collaboratory, we obtained DNA sequences … Show more

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Cited by 201 publications
(197 citation statements)
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“…1C-D), consistent with the previously reported individuality of the human gut viromes [2,7,11]. A notable exception are the crAss-like phages [59] that recruit at least one read from about one-third of the viromes (Q1 -Q3, 9-28%), in agreement with previous reports of their cosmopolitan distribution [60,61]. One uncharacterized Caudovirales genome was frequently observed in the collection of human gut viromes (54%, Fig.…”
Section: Selection Of Candidate Families For Comparative Genomicssupporting
confidence: 90%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…1C-D), consistent with the previously reported individuality of the human gut viromes [2,7,11]. A notable exception are the crAss-like phages [59] that recruit at least one read from about one-third of the viromes (Q1 -Q3, 9-28%), in agreement with previous reports of their cosmopolitan distribution [60,61]. One uncharacterized Caudovirales genome was frequently observed in the collection of human gut viromes (54%, Fig.…”
Section: Selection Of Candidate Families For Comparative Genomicssupporting
confidence: 90%
“…Regardless, both groups encompass abundant members of the human gut virome. Predictably, the hosts of these phages include Bacteroides spp., which are some of the most dominant bacterial taxa of the human gut [106] and serve as hosts for other common human gut phages [61,107]. Much of the uncharacterized "dark matter" in these phage genomes is likely to be dedicated to preventing superinfection of the Bacteroides host cells by such phages and to counter the host defenses.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The diversity generating benefits of such a stable core and pan-genome are particularly exemplified by the allelic variation present in Cryophage, an abundant, stable, Bacteroidetes phage found in every cryoconite metagenome. Cryophage draws many parallels with crAssphage, another highly stable, abundant, Bacteroidetes phage genome found globally in the majority of human gut microbiomes 59,60 . crAssphage also exhibit multiple MGIs across its genome between microbiomes 59 , suggesting the stability in the human gut microbiome is also maintained by recombination in specific genes from a constantly diverse phage population.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The crAssphage is represented in about half of human gut metagenomes and in some of these accounts for up to 90% of the sequencing reads in the virus-like particle fraction. CrAssphage genome sequences have been detected in human gut metagenomes from diverse geographic locations, showing that crAssphage is not only the most abundant virus in some human gut microbiomes but is widely spread across human populations 2,[6][7][8][9][10] .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%