Global Perspectives on Birds in Agricultural Landscapes

Johnson, Ron J.; Jedlicka, Julie A.; Quinn, John E.; Brandle, James R.

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-1309-3_3

Cited by 31 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 426 publications

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“…Roughly 38% of the land surface of the earth is used to grow food, making agriculture the largest anthropogenic land use [1]. Expansion in agricultural land is the leading cause of deforestation and native habitat loss [2,3], a situation that has led to declines in wildlife, including birds [4], insects [5], and mammals [6], some of which are now considered endangered species [2]. Nutrient leaching from fertilizer results in the eutrophication of waterways, leading to oxygen deficient "dead zones" in water bodies around the world [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agroforestry—The Next Step in Sustainable and Resilient Agriculture

2016

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Agriculture faces the unprecedented task of feeding a world population of 9 billion people by 2050 while simultaneously avoiding harmful environmental and social effects. One effort to meet this challenge has been organic farming, with outcomes that are generally positive. However, a number of challenges remain. Organic yields lag behind those in conventional agriculture, and greenhouse gas emissions and nutrient leaching remain somewhat problematic. In this paper, we examine current organic and conventional agriculture systems and suggest that agroforestry, which is the intentional combination of trees and shrubs with crops or livestock, could be the next step in sustainable agriculture. By implementing systems that mimic nature's functions, agroforestry has the potential to remain productive while supporting a range of ecosystem services. In this paper, we outline the common practices and products of agroforestry as well as beneficial environmental and social effects. We address barriers to agroforestry and explore potential options to alter policies and increase adoption by farmers. We conclude that agroforestry is one of the best land use strategies to contribute to food security while simultaneously limiting environmental degradation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agroforestry—The Next Step in Sustainable and Resilient Agriculture

2016

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“…For example, a total of 63 (out of 231) habitat types of European conservation interest depend on the long-term continuity of HNV farmland management for their existence (Halada et al 2011). Also, HNV farmlands provide habitat to more at-risk species than any other habitat type in Europe (Johnson et al 2011). HNV farming also results in multiple ecosystem services, comprising provisioning, e.g., high-quality food and maintenance of genetic resources; regulating, e.g., soil quality regulation, pollination, and water purification; and cultural, e. g., heritage, recreation, and ecotourism, services (Oppermann et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resilience-Based Perspectives to Guiding High-Nature-Value Farmland through Socioeconomic Change

Plieninger¹,

Bieling²

2013

E&S

118

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“…While the results for breeding success in organic farm systems compared to non-organic systems are mixed [13,17,18], perhaps the more pressing question for organic farmers is how organic farm management practices influence nesting success within organic systems. Indeed, at this time, particularly for organic farmers, it may be more important to focus on how to optimize the contribution of organic farming to conservation rather than further comparisons between organic and non-organic agroecosystems [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Different Cover Types on American Robin Nest Success in Organic Agroecosystems

2013

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There are many opportunities for biodiversity conservation in organic farm systems. Successful and sustainable conservation efforts in organic systems, however, need to measure appropriate outcomes. In particular, data are needed on the breeding success of associated wildlife species. We measured nesting success of the American Robin (Turdus migratorius) in woodlands embedded within eight organic farms in eastern Nebraska. We modeled daily nest survival rate to identify land use and land cover patterns that optimize conservation of birds in organic farm systems. The percentage of a crop in the fields adjacent to linear woodlands best predicted daily survival rate. Daily survival rate was lower in fields adjacent to wheat and greater in woodlands adjacent to soybean fields, though the latter may be a weak effect. There was no evidence that reducing the area allocated to organic crop production would improve daily survival rate but rather an evidence of a patch-matrix interaction. These results suggest that, if suitable nesting sites exist, organic farmers can complement local conservation efforts without losing working farmland.

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Global Perspectives on Birds in Agricultural Landscapes

Cited by 31 publications

References 426 publications

Agroforestry—The Next Step in Sustainable and Resilient Agriculture

Agroforestry—The Next Step in Sustainable and Resilient Agriculture

Resilience-Based Perspectives to Guiding High-Nature-Value Farmland through Socioeconomic Change

The Influence of Different Cover Types on American Robin Nest Success in Organic Agroecosystems

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