Global Percentage of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections Among the Tested Population and Individuals With Confirmed COVID-19 Diagnosis

Ma, Qiuyue; Liu, Jue; Li, Qiao; Kang, Liangyu; Liu, Runqing; Jing, Wenzhan; Wu, Yu; M, Liu

doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.37257

Cited by 355 publications

(321 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…Therefore, unrecognized asymptomatic cases are very common. A recent meta-analysis reported that even among patients with confirmed COVID-19, 40.5% were asymptomatic ( Ma et al, 2021 ). With the advent of the Omicron variant, the proportion of entirely asymptomatic cases may be even larger.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 reinfections: Overview of efficacy and duration of natural and hybrid immunity

Pilz

Theiler‐Schwetz

Trummer

et al. 2022

Environmental Research

197

176

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Seroprevalence surveys suggest that more than a third and possibly more than half of the global population has been infected with SARS-CoV-2 by early 2022. As large numbers of people continue to be infected, the efficacy and duration of natural immunity in terms of protection against SARS-CoV-2 reinfections and severe disease is of crucial significance for the future. This narrative review provides an overview on epidemiological studies addressing this issue. National surveys covering 2020–2021 documented that a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with a significantly reduced risk of reinfections with efficacy lasting for at least one year and only relatively moderate waning immunity. Importantly, natural immunity showed roughly similar effect sizes regarding protection against reinfection across different SARS-CoV-2 variants, with the exception of the Omicron variant for which data are just emerging before final conclusions can be drawn. Risk of hospitalizations and deaths was also reduced in SARS-CoV-2 reinfections versus primary infections. Observational studies indicate that natural immunity may offer equal or greater protection against SARS-CoV-2 infections compared to individuals receiving two doses of an mRNA vaccine, but data are not fully consistent. The combination of a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and a respective vaccination, termed hybrid immunity, seems to confer the greatest protection against SARS-CoV-2 infections, but several knowledge gaps remain regarding this issue. Natural immunity should be considered for public health policy regarding SARS-CoV-2.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 reinfections: Overview of efficacy and duration of natural and hybrid immunity

Pilz

Theiler‐Schwetz

Trummer

et al. 2022

Environmental Research

197

176

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Most often, symptoms include fatigue, headache, fever, cough, nasal congestion, breathing difficulties, anosmia (loss of smell), ageusia (loss of taste), muscle pain and digestive symptoms with abdominal pain [37] , [38] . 40.5% of the people infected by the virus do not develop any symptoms (asymptomatic carriers) [39] , [40] . Noticeable symptoms usually develop one to five days after infection with the virus.…”

Section: Viral Variantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Coronavirus pandemic – 2022: Viruses, variants & vaccines

Alexandridi¹,

Mazej²,

Palermo³

et al. 2022

Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews

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Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019-2020, Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews has published several Special Issues focused on the biology, pathogenesis and therapeutic options in the treatment of COVID-19 infection, including articles on the involvement of the chemokine system in the cytokine storm in COVID-19, intervention in the early stages of COVID-19 pneumonia, the therapeutic value of corticosteroid treatment, early clinical intervention with type 1 interferons, progress in vaccine development, and organ specific complications of COVID-19. By 2022, multiple highly efficacious vaccines are available and are being administered in countries around the world, therapeutic options have been clinically evaluated and approved, and SARS-CoV-2 has arguably become the most thoroughly studied virus in history. But, with progress has also come unanticipated problems - misinformation, anti-vaxxers, opposition to protective masks, and politically motivated interference disguised as knowledge. With this issue of CGFR, we continue to document the global coronavirus pandemic and provide an update on the emergence of viral variants, the global effort to administer vaccines and the impediments to progress posed by misinformation and anti-vaccine sentiment.

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“…A team of Qiuyue Ma and colleagues (doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.37257) found in a systematic review and meta-analysis 1 of 95 studies a pooled percentage of asymptomatic infections of 0.25% among a tested general population and 40.5% among a tested population with confirmed Covid-19 cases. The team from mainland China included 95 studies with almost 30,000 tested persons in their analysis.…”

Section: Main Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymptomatic Covid-19: a major source of infection at the onset of an Omicron storm

Carolina¹,

Feldman²,

Tudor³

2021

Preprint

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Global Percentage of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections Among the Tested Population and Individuals With Confirmed COVID-19 Diagnosis

Cited by 355 publications

References 121 publications

SARS-CoV-2 reinfections: Overview of efficacy and duration of natural and hybrid immunity

SARS-CoV-2 reinfections: Overview of efficacy and duration of natural and hybrid immunity

The Coronavirus pandemic – 2022: Viruses, variants & vaccines

Asymptomatic Covid-19: a major source of infection at the onset of an Omicron storm

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