“…It should be pointed that they treated the continuous variables ( p , ξ LK , ξ HK , and r ) as constant. In order to be consistent with the optimization conditions of Jiang et al, 17 we fixed p , ξ LK , ξ HK , and r as constant, and the best TCDS obtained by the proposed method is presented in Figure 9(A), which had a minimum TAC of 2,540,365.66 $/year. The probability that the proposed method could obtain the best TCDS was estimated by testing the method 500 times; for each test, all initial independent variables were randomly generated, and an optimized solution was collected.…”