Global Knowledge And Its Application For The Integrated Control And Management Of Nematodes On Wheat

Abstract

Importance of cereals and wheat nematodes in the world is revised. Distribution of cereal nematodes, species and pathotypes includes root lesion, cereal cyst nematodes and other cereal parasitic species. Life cycle, symptoms of damage and yield losses are also revised for root knot, stem and seed gall nematodes. Integrated control of cereal nematodes and some chemical, biological and cultural practices, including grass free rotations and fallowing with cultivation, are discussed. The effects of time of sowing, crop rotations and cultivation of resistant/tolerant varieties are also revised.

Distribution of the Cereal Cyst Nematodes (Heterodera spp.) in Wheat and Barley Fields in North-Eastern Regions of Syria

“…However, these cereals are exposed to biotic and abiotic stresses resulting in substantial economic losses in yield. Among the biotic stresses, plant-parasitic nematodes occupy an important position (Brown 1985, Nicol & Rivoal 2008. Three species of cereal cyst nematodes (CCN), Heterodera avenae, H. filipjevi and H. latipons, are considered the most economically important in global wheat production systems.…”

“…The cereal cyst nematodes status, economic importance and managments have been reviewed by Dababat et al (2014). Significant economic losses have been reported from different continents (Nicol & Rivoal 2008, Sahin et al 2009). In China, studies conducted in the provinces Anhui, Henan and Hebei indicated yield losses in wheat of 10-40% (Peng et al 2007), whereas in Saudi Arabia losses range from 40 to 92% in wheat and from 17 to 77% in barley (Ibrahim et al 1999).…”

Resistance of winter wheat to Heterodera filipjevi in Turkey

“…Cereal nematodes are considered the most important group of plant parasitic nematodes on wheat and barley on a worldwide basis (Sikora, 1988). The cereal cyst nematodes (CCNs) are a group of closely related species that have been documented to cause economic yield losses, especially in nonirrigated wheat production systems in North Africa, West Asia, China, India, Australia, the United States, and parts of Europe (Nicol and Rivoal, 2008). The most common species of CCNs are Heterodera avenae, H. filipjevi, and H. latipons (Rivoal and Cook, 1993).…”

Isolation and characterization of a candidate gene for resistance to cereal cyst nematode from Aegilops variabilis in China

“…The cereal cyst nematode (CCN), Heterodera avenae, is a major biotic constraint for crop production in many wheat and barley growing regions around the world (Bonfil et al, 2004;Holgado et al, 2006;Williamson and Kumar, 2006;Nicol and Rivoal, 2007;Sharma et al, 2007). One of the most cost-effective and environmentally friendly ways to reduce losses caused by CCN is to use genetically resistant plant varieties (Ferry and Gatehouse, 2010).…”