Global Isotopic Events

Holser, William T.; Magaritz, Mordeckai; Ripperdan, Robert L.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-79634-0_6

Cited by 28 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 143 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…¢gure 5b), suggesting that the 4% net Devono-Carboniferous increase may have occurred in a stepwise manner, probably in association with individual episodes of black shale deposition (¢gure 2; Buggisch 1991; Halas et al 1992;Joachimski & Buggisch 1993;Wang et al 1996). High organic C £uxes are generally associated with the production and burial of reduced S as Fesulphides (Berner 1978;Berner & Raiswell 1983), and the Late Devonian is characterized by high burial rates of 34 Sdepleted sulphide S as shown by (1) strong C^S covariance in marine sediments (Leventhal 1987;Berner & Can¢eld 1989), and (2) an 8^10% positive excursion in the marine evaporite S-isotopic record between the Givetian and Mid-Mississippian (¢gure 5c; Holser et al 1989Holser et al , 1996. On the other hand, evidence for increases in marine primary productivity during the Middle-to-Late Devonian is tentative, e.g.…”

Section: Terrestrial±marine Teleconnectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4% between the Givetian (0.5% PDB) and the Late Carboniferous (ca. 4.5% PDB; ¢gure 5b; Popp et al 1986;Lohmann 1988;Brand 1989;Holser et al 1996). Well-studied sections of this age contain a series of large-amplitude (2^3%) positive d 13 C excursions (e.g.…”

Section: Terrestrial±marine Teleconnectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…B (1998) (a) Berner (1994) (b) Brand (1989) (c) McElwain & Chaloner (1995) Mora et al (1996 Holser et al (1989) (d) Popp et al (1986) Brand (1989 σ σ σ Joachimski & Buggisch (1993) Figure 5. Devonian^Mississippian geochemical records: (a) atmospheric pCO 2 relative to present atmospheric level (PAL), based on global carbon cycle modelling (Berner 1994) and Cisotopic studies of soil carbonates (Mora et al 1991(Mora et al , 1996, and stomatal indices of fossil plants (McElwain & Chaloner 1995); (b) marine carbonate d 13 C (Brand 1989;Joachimski & Buggisch 1993); (c) marine sulphate d 34 S (Holser et al 1989(Holser et al , 1996; (d) marine carbonate d…”

Section: Temperature Control Of Devonian^carboniferous Marine Carbonamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Terrestrial-marine teleconnections in the Devonian: links between the evolution of land plants, weathering processes, and marine anoxic events

Algeo

Scheckler

1998

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

588

347

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Devonian Period was characterized by major changes in both the terrestrial biosphere, e.g. the evolution of trees and seed plants and the appearance of multi-storied forests, and in the marine biosphere, e.g. an extended biotic crisis that decimated tropical marine benthos, especially the stromatoporoid-tabulate coral reef community. Teleconnections between these terrestrial and marine events are poorly understood, but a key may lie in the role of soils as a geochemical interface between the lithosphere and atmosphere/ hydrosphere, and the role of land plants in mediating weathering processes at this interface. The e¡ective-ness of terrestrial £oras in weathering was signi¢cantly enhanced as a consequence of increases in the size and geographic extent of vascular land plants during the Devonian. In this regard, the most important palaeobotanical innovations were (1) arborescence (tree stature), which increased maximum depths of root penetration and rhizoturbation, and (2) the seed habit, which freed land plants from reproductive dependence on moist lowland habitats and allowed colonization of drier upland and primary successional areas. These developments resulted in a transient intensi¢cation of pedogenesis (soil formation) and to large increases in the thickness and areal extent of soils. Enhanced chemical weathering may have led to increased riverine nutrient £uxes that promoted development of eutrophic conditions in epicontinental seaways, resulting in algal blooms, widespread bottomwater anoxia, and high sedimentary organic carbon £uxes. Long-term e¡ects included drawdown of atmospheric pCO 2 and global cooling, leading to a brief Late Devonian glaciation, which set the stage for icehouse conditions during the Permo-Carboniferous. This model provides a framework for understanding links between early land plant evolution and coeval marine anoxic and biotic events, but further testing of Devonian terrestrial^marine teleconnections is needed.

show abstract

Section: Terrestrial±marine Teleconnectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Terrestrial±marine Teleconnectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Temperature Control Of Devonian^carboniferous Marine Carbonamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Terrestrial-marine teleconnections in the Devonian: links between the evolution of land plants, weathering processes, and marine anoxic events

Algeo

Scheckler

1998

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

588

347

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The d 13 C profile is curved, with values ranging from -2.0 to 1.1% V-PDB in the Crenularis and Geissberg Members and increasing with depth to values between 2.0 and 2.9% V-PDB in the deeper units. These values are both lower and higher than that for Oxfordian seawater carbonate (broadly at 1% PDB,Holser et al 1995;Ripperdan 2001), and partly fit with the range of published whole rock carbonate d 13 C for Oxfordian rocks from the northern Tethys, from around 1.3-3.4 % PDB(Weissert and Erba 2004). Whole rock carbonate d 18 O values fluctuate within a narrow range (25.2-28.3% V-SMOW) over the whole profile.…”

mentioning

confidence: 78%

Fluid flow through the sedimentary cover in northern Switzerland recorded by calcite–celestite veins (Oftringen borehole, Olten)

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abundant veins filled by calcite, celestite and pyrite were found in the core of a 719 m deep borehole drilled in Oftringen near Olten, located in the north-western Molasse basin, close to the thrust of the Folded Jura. Host rocks are calcareous marl, argillaceous limestone and limestone of the Dogger and Malm. The d 18 O values of vein calcite are lower than in host rock carbonate and, together with microthermometric data from fluid inclusions in vein calcite, indicate precipitation from a seawaterdominated fluid at average temperatures of 56-68°C. Such temperatures were reached at the time of maximum burial of the sedimentary pile in the late Miocene. The depth profile of d 13 C and 87 Sr/ 86 Sr values and Sr content of both whole-rock carbonate and vein calcite show marked trends towards negative d 13 C, high 87 Sr/ 86 Sr, and low Sr content in the uppermost 50-150 m of the Jurassic profile (upper Oxfordian). The 87 Sr/ 86 Sr of vein minerals is generally higher than that of host rock carbonate, up to very high values corresponding to Burdigalian seawater (Upper Marine Molasse, Miocene), which represents the last marine incursion in the region. No evidence for internally derived radiogenic Sr (clay minerals) has been found and so an external source is required. S and O isotope composition of vein celestite and pyrite can be explained by bacterial reduction of Miocene seawater sulphate. The available data set suggests the vein mineralization precipitated from descending Burdigalian seawater and not from a fluid originating in the underlying Triassic evaporites.

show abstract

“…Egyes tömeges kihalási események és szénizotóp-anomáliák időbeli egybeesését már az 1980-as években kimutatták, elsőként a kréta végi, majd a perm végi események kapcsán (HOLSER et al 1996). A visszatérően jelentkező kapcsolat azt sejteti, hogy mindkét jelenség hátterében közös kiváltó okok, az élővilágot és a szénkörforgást átren -dező gyors és nagyléptékű környezetváltozások állhatnak.…”

Section: Kemosztratigráfia a Triász-jura Határ Környékénunclassified

A triász és a jura időszak határán lezajlott globális krízis és annak nyomai magyarországi rétegsorokban

Haas¹,

Pálfy²,

Győri³

et al. 2018

Földt. Közl.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BevezetésA földtani kutatások eredményeként régóta tudjuk, hogy voltak a Föld történetében olyan, viszonylag rövid idejű környezeti krízisek, amelyek az élővilág igen jelentős megváltozását eredményezték, amikor tömegesen haltak ki fajok, nemzetségek, sőt a szervezetek nagyobb csoportjai is. Ezek a krízisek nemegyszer döntően megváltoztatták az élővilág fejlődésének további menetét. Bolygónk történetét szakaszokra tagolják és ily módon a földtörténetben mér -föld köveknek tekinthetők. Azt, hogy az ősmaradvány-együt tesekben hirtelen, jelentős változások vannak már a 19. század első felében felismerték. Ezeknél a változásoknál vonták meg a földtörténeti időszakok határát és az 1820-1840 között elnevezett időszakok (pl.: szilur, devon, triász, jura, kréta) máig érvényben vannak. 1841-ben John PHILLIPS javasolta az állatvilág fejlettségén alapuló tagolást, megalkot va a paleozoikum, mezozoikum és kainozoikum ter minusokat (MORRELL 2001).A földtörténet legutolsó, mintegy fél milliárd évének leg nagyobb tömeges kihalási eseményeit RAUP & SEPKOSKI (1982) az ősmaradvány anyag korszerű elemzésével mutatta ki. A kihalási ráta változásait ábrázoló diagramjukon öt feltűnő kihalási csúcs jelentkezik: az ordovícium végén, a ké -ső-devonban, a perm végén, a triász végén és a kréta végén. Az öt legnagyobb közt van a tehát a paleozoikum-mezozoikum és a mezozoikum-kainozoikum határa is. Ez jól mutatja, hogy az élővilág összetételének változásai ezeknél a fordulópontoknál olyan erőteljesek voltak, hogy azokat a rétegtan kialakulásának hajnalán is felismerhették a réteg -sorok tagolásán fáradozó kutatók. ALVAREZ et al. (1980) 148/1, 9-26., Budapest, 2018 Global crisis at the Triassic-Jurassic boundary and its stratigraphic record in Hungary AbstractThe mass extinction at the end of the Triassic Period was one of the largest extinction events in the Phanerozoic and it was the result of a global environmental crisis. In connection with this, the last two decades have seen increasing research efforts to gain more knowledge and thus a better understanding of this event. These efforts have included detailed studies of numerous stratigraphic sections worldwide. The review presented here attempts to summarize the major results of multi-faceted international research on the stratigraphic and fossil record of the end-Triassic event, discussing proposed cause-and-effect relationships and possible scenarios. In addition, there is also an overview of studies made in recent decades on the Triassic-Jurassic boundary sections in Hungary, with an emphasis on their relevance to global research into the Triassic-Jurassic boundary.Keywords: global environmental crisis, mass extinction, Triassic-Jurassic boundary Összefoglalás A triász időszakot lezáró tömeges kihalás egyike a fanerozoikum legnagyobb kihalási eseményeinek, amelyet globális környezeti krízis idézhetett elő. Kutatása az elmúlt két évtizedben vált intenzívvé és azóta szerte a világon, számos szelvény részletes vizsgálatával folyik. A szemle jellegű cikk célja a környezeti krízis kőz...

show abstract

Global Isotopic Events

Cited by 28 publications

References 143 publications

Terrestrial-marine teleconnections in the Devonian: links between the evolution of land plants, weathering processes, and marine anoxic events

Terrestrial-marine teleconnections in the Devonian: links between the evolution of land plants, weathering processes, and marine anoxic events

Fluid flow through the sedimentary cover in northern Switzerland recorded by calcite–celestite veins (Oftringen borehole, Olten)

A triász és a jura időszak határán lezajlott globális krízis és annak nyomai magyarországi rétegsorokban

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About