Global investment targets for malaria control and elimination between 2016 and 2030

Abstract

BackgroundAccess to malaria control interventions falls short of universal health coverage. The Global Technical Strategy for malaria targets at least 90% reduction in case incidence and mortality rates, and elimination in 35 countries by 2030. The potential to reach these targets will be determined in part by investments in malaria. This study estimates the financing required for malaria control and elimination over the 2016–2030 period.MethodsA mathematical transmission model was used to explore the impact of increasing intervention coverage on burden and costs. The cost analysis took a public provider perspective covering all 97 malaria endemic countries and territories in 2015. All control interventions currently recommended by the WHO were considered. Cost data were sourced from procurement databases, the peer-reviewed literature, national malaria strategic plans, the WHO-CHOICE project and key informant interviews.ResultsAnnual investments of $6.4 billion (95% uncertainty interval (UI $4.5–$9.0 billion)) by 2020, $7.7 billion (95% UI $5.4–$10.9 billion) by 2025 and $8.7 billion (95% UI $6.0–$12.3 billion) by 2030 will be required to reach the targets set in the Global Technical Strategy. These are equivalent to annual investment per person at risk of malaria of US$3.90 by 2020, US$4.30 by 2025 and US$4.40 by 2030, compared with US$2.30 if interventions were sustained at current coverage levels. The 20 countries with the highest burden in 2015 will require 88% of the total investment.ConclusionsGiven the challenges in increasing domestic and international funding, the efficient use of currently available resources should be a priority.

Universal Access to Malaria Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment as a Strategy toward Disease Control and Elimination: A Critical Look at Northeastern Nigeria

“…The use of LLINs especially in malaria endemic countries is considered as one of the most cost-effective measures towards malaria prevention [30] [31]. This study showed that only one state had a significant quantity of LLINs distributed in 2017 ( Figure 4 and Table 2) and this was because the state had a replacement campaign in 2017.…”

“…Since the beginning of the millennium substantial gains have been made in the fight against malaria, most of which have been directly attributed to increasing coverage of core malaria control measures, notably in sub-Saharan Africa where transmission is the most intense, despite which the implementation of malaria control activities falls short of universal health coverage (UHC) targets and malaria continues to pose a major public health challenge in countries where it remains endemic [31] [32] This is demonstrated by the outcome of the study which showed that the access to malaria commodities in the northeastern of Nigeria fell short of what was required for universal access/coverage in the six states in 2017. As observed by Saleh, economies can't grow when the population doesn't have access to healthcare.…”

Averting Expenditure on Malaria: Effects on Maize Labour Productivity in Bunkpurugu-Nakpanduri District of Ghana

“…Averting expenditure is the cost one will incur in trying to avoid or prevent malaria. Studies have revealed that an annual investment target per person at risk amount to US$3.90 by 2020, US$4.30 by 2025 and US$4.4 by 2030 [6]. This therefore suggest that averagely, an annual amount of not less than US$3.00 will be require to spend on each person towards prevention and elimination of malaria.…”

Toward the Elimination of Malaria in China: A Retrospective Analysis of Malaria-Endemic Characteristics and Prevention Effects in Yantai, Shandong Province, 1951 to 2017

“…Despite significant progress, updated estimates have indicated that there were still 219 million malaria cases globally in 2017, 435,000 of which had fatal outcomes. Most malaria cases occur in the Africa continent (92%) (WHO 2018), especially in the sub-Saharan region, followed by the WHO's South-East Asia region (5%) and the Eastern Mediterranean region (2%) (Ramsay et al 2016, Patouillard et al 2017. In 2015, the WHO set ambitious new targets to reduce the global malaria burden by 90% by 2030 and encouraged member states to achieve the goal of malaria elimination (WHO 2017).…”