Global innovation efficiency assessment of EU member and candidate countries via DEA-EATWIOS multi-criteria methodology

Ayteki̇n, Ahmet; Ecer, Fatih; Korucuk, Selçuk; Karamaşa, Çağlar

doi:10.1016/j.techsoc.2022.101896

Cited by 42 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…To improve its global competitiveness every country must innovate and invest in innovation (Aytekin, et al, 2022). Competitiveness is measured using the GII (Yu, et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays, there is an increasing emphasis on the concepts of technology, research and development, competition, customer satisfaction, efficiency, and innovation (Aytekin, et al, 2022). Innovation contributes the most to achieving competitive advantage (Chen, et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Innovation is a driving force behind economic growth in both national and regional economies. It promotes economic growth, increases wages, extend the product life cycle, makes technology more accessible, improves living standards, and implements new organizational structures (Aytekin, et al, 2022). When discussing innovation, it should not be equated with invention, because innovation is a complex process that adds value to a specific product or service.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A multi-criteria approach to the comparative analysis of the global innovation index on the example of the Western Balkan countries

Stojanović

Puška²,

Selaković

2022

Economics

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Innovation is crucial for the competitiveness of countries in the global market. Countries oriented to progress must invest in innovative activities. Using the example of the Western Balkan countries, this study investigated their innovative competitiveness. The indicators of the Global Innovation Index (GII) were used for the years 2019, 2020, and 2021. A multi-criteria approach was based on the innovative SMART approach. The weights of the criteria were determined using the CRITIC (criteria importance through intercriteria correlation) method, while the CRADIS (compromise ranking of alternatives from distance to ideal solution) method ranked the Western Balkan countries according to their innovative characteristics. The results showed that Montenegro had the best innovation indicators, followed by Serbia, while Albania had the worst indicators. This research showed an innovative approach of using four normalizations, and the advantages of these normalizations were used to contribute to stabilization in multi-criteria decision-making.

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“…To improve its global competitiveness every country must innovate and invest in innovation (Aytekin, et al, 2022). Competitiveness is measured using the GII (Yu, et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A multi-criteria approach to the comparative analysis of the global innovation index on the example of the Western Balkan countries

Stojanović

Puška²,

Selaković

2022

Economics

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“…However, they did not conduct a comparative analysis with MCDM or other linear ordering methods. Aytekin et al (2022), on the other hand, examined and compared global innovation efficiency, which can be considered a key economic factor for the European Union member and candidate states, using the Global Innovation Index (GII) and compared it with the results obtained using the DEA and Efficiency Analysis Technique with Input and Output Satisficing (EATWIOS) method. This is a very interesting work, especially because of the research approach used to measure innovation, which, however, is characterized by a high degree of complexity.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The level of implementing sustainable development goal "Industry, innovation and infrastructure" of Agenda 2030 in the European Union countries: Application of MCDM methods

Brodny

Tutak

2023

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Research background: Sustainable development of the modern world represents an opportunity to preserve economic growth and technological progress, as well as social development, without limiting the possibilities of this development for past generations. The directions of this development are included in the 17 goals and 169 tasks of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The achievement of these goals and the implementation of the adopted tasks is a huge challenge for individual countries and regions. This also applies to the European Union (EU), where economic development is closely linked to environmental protection and social inclusion. Of key importance in this context is Objective 9 of Agenda 2030, and thus its level of implementation in the EU-27 countries is the aim of the research presented in this paper. Purpose of the article: The research involved assessing the level of EU countries in terms of building stable infrastructure, promoting sustainable industrialization and fostering innovation, i.e., the main areas of Goal 9 of Agenda 2030. Methods: The assessment was based on the EU?27 countries' sustainable development index (SDG9) determined with the use of 14 indicators characterizing these areas between 2015?2020. The basis of the developed methodology was a multi criteria decision making approach (MCDM methods). TOPSIS, WASPAS and EDAS methods were used to determine the sustainability index, and the Entropy, CRITIC and standard deviation (SD) methods were used to determine weights for the adopted indicators. In addition, the use of the Spearman's and Kendall's Tau non-parametric tests enabled the analysis of the relationship between the SDG9 index and the basic economic, environmental and energy parameters, as well as the digitalization of the countries under study. Findings & value added: The results show that the EU?27 countries vary widely in terms of implementing Sustainable Development Goal 9 of Agenda 2030 over the analyzed period. Now, the most advanced in this respect are Denmark, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Finland, and Sweden. By contrast, substantial problems are found in Bulgaria, Greece, Portugal, and Lithuania. The results also provide an opportunity to trace changes in the value of the designated index in individual countries, and in groups of countries of the "old" and "new" EU. These results significantly enrich the knowledge of the effectiveness of implementing Goal 9 of Agenda 2030 in the EU?27 countries and the relationship between the development of individual countries and sustainable development economy. These findings can also be used to create new EU?27 strategies for sustainable and solidarity-based development of the whole EU. In addition, the results can be helpful to decision-makers as they highlight important indicators related to innovation, industrialization and infrastructure that should be considered when formulating a country's sustainable development strategy. The added value of the study is the research procedure presented, which can be used in analyses on the study of various issues related to sustainable development for other groups of regions.

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“…The relationships between expenditures on innovation and innovativeness, their effects and economic development have been examined in numerous works (see e.g. : Khedhaouria & Thurik, 2017;Lei et al, 2020;Akça & Afşar, 2020;Ivus et al, 2021;Hameed et al, 2021;Lopez-Cabarcos, 2021;Song et al, 2022, Aytekin et al, 2022. Most of these studies were conducted at the national level, only Song, Zhao and Varma (2022) modelled the innovation performance index for 31 provinces in China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In search of key determinants of innovativeness in the regions of the Visegrad group countries

Roszko‐Wójtowicz

Dańska-Borsiak

Grzelak

et al. 2022

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Research background: Discussions on the state of the economy in times of crisis focus not only on maintaining or improving innovativeness, but also on the emergence of new dimensions of this phenomenon and changing the significance of individual determinants of innovativeness. Innovativeness is a complex, multidimensional and difficult to measure phenomenon, which implies the need to select various indicators and methods for its assessment. Synthetic measures of innovativeness are widely used in comparative analyses, in particular presenting results in international or interregional cross-sections. The degree of innovativeness should also be assessed at different levels of economic aggregation. The lower the level of aggregation, the easier it becomes to capture the specific determinants of the increase in innovativeness of a given area. Purpose of the article: The main aim of the paper is to attempt to measure the relationship between expenditures and results of innovative activities for NUTS-2 regions of the Visegrad Group countries. Three variables were adopted to describe the effects of innovative activity: PCT patent applications per billion GDP (in PPS), trademark applications per billion GDP (in PPS) and public-private co-publications per million of population. Methods: The study covered 37 NUTS-2 regions of the Visegrad Group countries in the years 2014?2021. From the point of view of the purpose of the paper and the need to search for the relationship between expenditures on innovative activity and the results of this activity, it is worth emphasizing that the use of static and dynamic econometric models proved to be a substantively correct solution leading to the formulation of clear conclusions. Findings & value added: The conducted research confirmed that business R&D expenditure on GDP has a positive effect on inventions expressed by patents and trademarks, especially in the long run. In addition, the literature review and empirical analyses indicate that the main determinants of innovativeness (both before and during the pandemic) are the expenditures of economic entities on R&D, competences expressed by the level of education or participation in tertiary education, as well as the number of ICT specialists and the percentage of people employed in science and technology. Despite the deterioration of many macroeconomic indicators in the countries of the Visegrad Group, the expenditures of the business sector on R&D in most regions did not decrease between 2019 and 2021. The added value of the paper is the presented research procedure, which can be used in analyses of innovativeness also for other groups of regions.

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Global innovation efficiency assessment of EU member and candidate countries via DEA-EATWIOS multi-criteria methodology

Cited by 42 publications

References 24 publications

A multi-criteria approach to the comparative analysis of the global innovation index on the example of the Western Balkan countries

A multi-criteria approach to the comparative analysis of the global innovation index on the example of the Western Balkan countries

The level of implementing sustainable development goal "Industry, innovation and infrastructure" of Agenda 2030 in the European Union countries: Application of MCDM methods

In search of key determinants of innovativeness in the regions of the Visegrad group countries

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