Global infection prevention gaps, needs, and utilization of educational resources: A cross-sectional assessment by the International Society for Infectious Diseases

Desai, Angel N.; Ramatowski, John W.; Lassmann, Britta; Holmes, Alison; Mehtar, Shaheen; Bearman, Gonzalo

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2019.02.017

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…28 Yet access to IPC professionals is limited in most LMICs. 29 Second, programme monitoring and systematic use of data are needed to identify persistent gaps and to implement evidence-based policies; however, only 66% (58 of 88) of WHO-surveyed countries monitored IPC-related indicators, with a lower proportion among LMICs. 26 Third, limited resources and infrastructure in LMICs pose even greater challenges, [29][30][31][32] 33 which was later adapted and published by the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, 34 was developed in both English and French based on the IPC hierarchy-source controls, administrative controls, environmental controls and PPE 35 -for use by implementing partners at primary healthcare settings.…”

Section: Summary Boxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Safer primary healthcare facilities are needed to protect healthcare workers and maintain essential services: lessons learned from a multicountry COVID-19 emergency response initiative

et al. 2021

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Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at increased risk of infection from SARS-CoV-2 and other disease pathogens, which take a disproportionate toll on HCWs, with substantial cost to health systems. Improved infection prevention and control (IPC) programmes can protect HCWs, especially in resource-limited settings where the health workforce is scarcest, and ensure patient safety and continuity of essential health services. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we collaborated with ministries of health and development partners to implement an emergency initiative for HCWs at the primary health facility level in 22 African countries. Between April 2020 and January 2021, the initiative trained 42 058 front-line HCWs from 8444 health facilities, supported longitudinal supervision and monitoring visits guided by a standardised monitoring tool, and provided resources including personal protective equipment (PPE). We documented significant short-term improvements in IPC performance, but gaps remain. Suspected HCW infections peaked at 41.5% among HCWs screened at monitored facilities in July 2020 during the first wave of the pandemic in Africa. Disease-specific emergency responses are not the optimal approach. Comprehensive, sustainable IPC programmes are needed. IPC needs to be incorporated into all HCW training programmes and combined with supportive supervision and mentorship. Strengthened data systems on IPC are needed to guide improvements at the health facility level and to inform policy development at the national level, along with investments in infrastructure and sustainable supplies of PPE. Multimodal strategies to improve IPC are critical to make health facilities safer and to protect HCWs and the communities they serve.

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Section: Summary Boxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safer primary healthcare facilities are needed to protect healthcare workers and maintain essential services: lessons learned from a multicountry COVID-19 emergency response initiative

et al. 2021

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“…In spite of advisories and protocols, compliance has always been a bit poor, as most dental work seems to be essentially nonsurgical, with no visible blood. 14-20 Dr. James Crawford, one of the founding officers of the Organization for Safety, Asepsis and Prevention, managed to dent this nonchalant attitude with his graphic video “If Saliva Were Red,” in which cross contamination of a mannequin, the dental unit and the dental operatory were depicted with the assumption that saliva was dyed red, allowing visualization of the cross contamination. On the one hand, it might seem best with regard to single-handed procedures for the operator to clean up after a procedure through multitasking, while, on the other hand, division and delegation of responsibilities to an assistant or an infection preventionist might seem to increase single-task efficiency.…”

Section: Literature Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Emphasis on Engineering Controls and Administrative Controls in the Prevention and Control of COVID-19 in an Orthodontic Setting: Thinking Beyond Tomorrow

Prakash

Digumarthi

2021

J Indian Orthod Soc

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Introduction: Most of the initial focus in handling COVID-19 had been based on avoiding exposure by refraining from rendering most treatments other than those considered an emergency or urgent. Post-lockdown, with the resumption of most activities, there has been concern over the possibility of transmission scenarios if sufficient care is not taken. The control and prevention of the spread of infections when elimination of exposure is not possible is chiefly achieved through the judicious use of engineering controls and administrative controls in a clinical setting in addition to the standard protocols and transmission-based protocols. True safety lies in being one step ahead. There have been mentions of the possibility that COVID-19 could be opportunistic airborne in its spread, in addition to being spread via saliva, droplets, and contaminated surfaces or objects. Method: A literature search of PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and advisories released by such organizations as the World Health Organization (WHO), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOFHW), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), American Dental Association (ADA), Canadian Dental Association (CDA), French National Dentists Association, Dental Council of Belgium, National Health Service, England (NHS UK), National Health Service Scotland (NHS Scotland), and International Society for Infectious Diseases (ISID) was performed, with search parameters aimed at gathering information pertaining to infection control and cross infection control in dental settings as related to orthodontics. Result: There have been numerous articles and advisories published over the last 20 years, but the main focus has been on safe practices and to an extent on personal protective equipment, with relatively less emphasis on the need for respiratory protection by way of engineering controls and administrative controls. This review highlights the engineering and administrative controls that can be put into effect to make infection control and prevention much more effective. Conclusion: Any health care facility must be able to prevent, contain, and control infections with no risk of nosocomial infections. For this, an assumption has to be made that every individual in a health care setting is either at risk or a risk, depending on whether the person is infected or not. Meticulous attention to stringent policies of hygiene and infection control and prevention, coupled with suitable supporting engineering and administrative controls, is to be made a standard way of life in such facilities.

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“…[113][114][115][116][117][118] Despite these constraints, remarkable ingenuity by critical care nurses and hospitals allows most evidencebased recommendations presented herein to be tailored for implementation within local protocols, 119 with notable caveats in conventional sterilization techniques, limited testing, and lack of isolation rooms. [120][121][122] Examples of ingenuity include gloves made from plastic materials melted in home-made heated molds, cutting 5-gallon water bottles into vented full-coverage face shields, and evidence-based substitution for infection control (eg, soaking used gloves in special available detergents). 123…”

Section: Considerations For Low-resource Health Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Care Guidance for Tracheostomy Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Global, Multidisciplinary Approach

Pandian

Morris

Brodsky

et al. 2020

American Journal of Critical Care

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Purpose Critical care nurses caring for patients with a tracheostomy are at high risk because of the predilection of SARS-CoV-2 for respiratory and mucosal surfaces. This review identifies patient-centered practices that ensure safety and reduce risk of infection transmission to health care workers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods Consensus statements, guidelines, institutional recommendations, and scientific literature on COVID-19 and previous outbreaks were reviewed. A global interdisciplinary team analyzed and prioritized findings via electronic communications and video conferences to develop consensus recommendations. Results Aerosol-generating procedures are commonly performed by nurses and other health care workers, most notably during suctioning, tracheostomy tube changes, and stoma care. Patient repositioning, readjusting circuits, administering nebulized medications, and patient transport also present risks. Standard personal protective equipment includes an N95/FFP3 mask with or without surgical masks, gloves, goggles, and gown when performing aerosol-generating procedures for patients with known or suspected COVID-19. Viral testing of bronchial aspirate via tracheostomy may inform care providers when determining the protective equipment required. The need for protocols to reduce risk of transmission of infection to nurses and other health care workers is evident. Conclusion Critical care nurses and multidisciplinary teams often care for patients with a tracheostomy who are known or suspected to have COVID-19. Appropriate care of these patients relies on safeguarding the health care team. The practices described in this review may greatly reduce risk of infectious transmission.

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Global infection prevention gaps, needs, and utilization of educational resources: A cross-sectional assessment by the International Society for Infectious Diseases

Cited by 18 publications

References 17 publications

Safer primary healthcare facilities are needed to protect healthcare workers and maintain essential services: lessons learned from a multicountry COVID-19 emergency response initiative

Safer primary healthcare facilities are needed to protect healthcare workers and maintain essential services: lessons learned from a multicountry COVID-19 emergency response initiative

An Emphasis on Engineering Controls and Administrative Controls in the Prevention and Control of COVID-19 in an Orthodontic Setting: Thinking Beyond Tomorrow

Critical Care Guidance for Tracheostomy Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Global, Multidisciplinary Approach

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