Global Impact of Gas Flaring

Ismail, O. S.; Umukoro, G. Ezaina

doi:10.4236/epe.2012.44039

Cited by 131 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Amann et al demonstrated that controlling emission during oil and gas production would substantially reduce premature deaths caused by air pollution (Amann et al, 2017). Evidence in many literature on the impact of gas flares such as Ismail and Umukoro (2012), Roland (2010) and Gobo et al (2009) show consistency that gas flare has a severe effect on human health.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So, for every thousand cubic feet of gas burned, some dollars or work hours are wasted. Ismail and Umukoro (2012) argued that the economic cost of gas flaring is staggering hence a gas intensive modes of production holds greater opportunities for private sector investment (pp. 293).…”

Section: Economic Environmental and Public Health Impact Of Gas Flaringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ismail and Umukoro observed that in 2002 Saudi Arabia, Canada, and Algeria flared 20%,8% and 5% of their natural gas respectively, while Nigeria that is only behind Russia flared 76% of its natural gas (Ismail & Umukoro, 2012). Oil and gas companies often use burning for safe disposal of waste gases during process upsets, start-up, shutdown or during operational emergencies while venting is used as a controlled release of gases into the atmosphere during production operations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gas Flaring in Niger Delta Region of Nigeria: Cost, Ecological and Human Health Implications

Osuoha

Fakutiju

2017

EMSD

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The study examines the relationship between total gas produced, utilized and flared, also the social cost, economic cost and the public health consequences resulting from gas flaring in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. The environmental and economic impacts caused by gas flaring activities in this part of the world between 1999 and 2015 were analyzed to establish the relationship gas flaring has with lost economic opportunities, ecological damage and human health challenges. The study examined and discussed the gas flaring cost, the volume of gas produced, public health cost, the cost of pollution abatement technology, social cost-benefit, the regulatory policies, and the reason why oil companies still flare gases. There is no single empirical approach, estimation technique or emission index to quantify the exact impact of gas flaring. The impact of gas flaring on the Niger Delta region is not an assumption but a reality that is supported by verifiable evidence. We find that gas flaring has a devastating impact on human health and the natural ecology. Available cost-effective technological solutions can be deployed by the oil companies to abate the flaring, expand revenue and improve the environmental quality in the Niger Delta area.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Economic Environmental and Public Health Impact Of Gas Flaringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gas Flaring in Niger Delta Region of Nigeria: Cost, Ecological and Human Health Implications

Osuoha

Fakutiju

2017

EMSD

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“…In the context of the foregoing, there exists a growing body of work on liabilities such as gas flaring in the study area and these include Raimi [11] Ismail [12], Oseji [13], Ubani [14] and others. From these studies, [12] saw gas flaring as a local and global concern and one of the most challenging energy and environmental problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Ecosystem Liabilities of Oil and Gas Activities in Southern Nigeria

Merem¹,

Twumasi²,

Wesley³

et al. 2017

phr

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Since the discovery of oil in the Niger Delta region, the sector's contribution to Nigeria's economy came at a huge environmental cost involving recurrent spills resulting in the spewing of oil into sensitive ecosystems. In the process, gas flaring from the industry has accelerated at an alarming rate and degrading the fragile mangrove ecosystem. The problems are characterized by widespread pollution of water resources and threats to the surrounding ecology in the form of deforestation, loss of habitats, and damage to biodiversity. Yet very little has been done to fully assess the impacts on the Delta region. In that light, this research uses mix-scale methods of GIS and descriptive statistics to assess the environmental liabilities of petroleum activities in Southern Nigeria from 1963-2013. Emphasis is on the issues, ecological analysis of the impacts, factors and spatial analysis. While the results point to changes in production and ecosystem degradation prompted by the concentration of greenhouse gases, rise in CO 2 emissions, widespread incidents of gas flaring and oil spills.

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“…Fuel gas is often composed of hydrocarbons (methane, ethane, propane and butane), hydrogen, and carbon monoxide, which have large heating values [10]. In most cases, these fuels are flared to the atmosphere, leading to detrimental effects on the environment and loss of heating values [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel Gas Network Synthesis Using Block Superstructure

Demirel

Hasan

2018

Processes

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Fuel gas network (FGN) synthesis is a systematic method for reducing fresh fuel consumption in a chemical plant. In this work, we address FGN synthesis problems using a block superstructure representation that was originally proposed for process design and intensification. The blocks interact with each other through direct flows that connect a block with its adjacent blocks and through jump flows that connect a block with all nonadjacent blocks. The blocks with external feed streams are viewed as fuel sources and the blocks with product streams are regarded as fuel sinks. An additional layer of blocks are added as pools when there exists intermediate operations among source and sink blocks. These blocks can be arranged in a I×J two-dimensional grid with I = 1 for problems without pools, or I = 2 for problems with pools. J is determined by the maximum number of pools/sinks. With this representation, we formulate FGN synthesis problem as a mixed-integer nonlinear (MINLP) formulation to optimally design a fuel gas network with minimal total annual cost. We revisit a literature case study on LNG plants to demonstrate the capability of the proposed approach.

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Global Impact of Gas Flaring

Cited by 131 publications

References 21 publications

Gas Flaring in Niger Delta Region of Nigeria: Cost, Ecological and Human Health Implications

Gas Flaring in Niger Delta Region of Nigeria: Cost, Ecological and Human Health Implications

Assessing Ecosystem Liabilities of Oil and Gas Activities in Southern Nigeria

Fuel Gas Network Synthesis Using Block Superstructure

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