Global Human Trafficking Unmasked: A Feminist Rights-Based Approach

Pourmokhtari, Navid

doi:10.1080/23322705.2014.1000078

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In some contexts, devaluation of women and girls [ 13 , 17 ] and gender division of labor [ 44 ] could contribute to decisions. With the demand for low-wage female labor [ 32 ], women account for almost half of all international migrants [ 77 ] and might find work easier than men [ 44 ]. How the COVID-19 economic crisis will affect these pathways remains uncertain, as women have experienced considerable job loss and increases in unpaid activities [ 47 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern slavery and labor exploitation during the COVID-19 pandemic: a conceptual model

Washburn

Diener

Curtis

et al. 2022

Global Health Action

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Background Modern slavery is a complex global health problem that includes forced labor exploitation. An ecological systems perspective is needed to understand how contextual upstream and midstream factors contribute to labor exploitation, and how disruptive societal challenges, such as infectious disease pandemics, may exacerbate established pathways leading to exploitation. Accumulation of familial and societal risk factors likely heightens vulnerability; for instance, economic precarity for an individual interacts with poor livelihood options and lack of social welfare supports increasing their likelihood of accepting exploitative labor. However, few frameworks exist that account for the accumulation of and interdependence between risk factors at different levels and across contexts. Objective Using an ecological systems framework, we review literature on the pathways leading to labor exploitation, with the aim of developing a conceptual model grounded in existing research. Next, we discuss how pathways in this conceptual model are likely exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. This conceptual model can guide future research to detect modifiable factors and strategic points of intervention. Methods A critical review of research articles and gray literature was performed with a primary focus on sub-Saharan Africa. The review utilized various scholarly databases to identify perspectives from multiple disciplines and to more fully account for complex processes linked to labor exploitation. Results A conceptual model of these pathways was developed that emphasizes established determinants and risk factors for labor exploitation in sub-Saharan Africa. The model highlights how the COVID-19 pandemic may have exacerbated these pathways. Conclusions Future studies should carefully examine the direct and indirect pathways, accumulation of and interactions between factors, and specific external and personal stressors. Interdisciplinary research on multilevel interventions is needed to guide solutions to prevent the persistent problem of labor exploitation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern slavery and labor exploitation during the COVID-19 pandemic: a conceptual model

Washburn

Diener

Curtis

et al. 2022

Global Health Action

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“…It has been contended that the invisible nature of human trafficking – its clandestine nature and its ‘hidden populations’ – presents unique methodological challenges for empirical research on this subject, which ultimately seeks to ‘describe the unobserved’ or the ‘clandestine’ in order for it to be ‘unmasked’ (see Decker, 2015; Fedina and DeForge, 2017; Pourmokharti, 2015; Raphael, 2017; Tyldum and Brunovskis, 2005). Reflecting upon the issues and problems of researching human trafficking, Andrea Di Nicola (2012) recognized that the knowledge achieved through research develops slowly and that research in this field had generally ‘languished’:The knowledge achieved through research seems to be weak or piecemeal; and policies, as a consequence, are sometimes based more on emotions, political or dogmatic bias than on strong substantiated research work.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Still an ‘invisible crime’? Exploring developments in the awareness and control of human trafficking in Scotland

Atkinson

Hamilton-Smith

2020

European Journal of Criminology

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In 2010 Korin Lebov published her article ‘Human trafficking in Scotland’, a state-of-the-field piece that reported on the nature and extent of human trafficking and the challenges in tackling this issue. Several important developments have occurred in the period since, including new enforcement measures, the first prosecutions and convictions for human trafficking in Scottish courts, the establishment of a dedicated policing unit within Scotland’s new police service to tackle such crimes, the passage of specific human trafficking legislation through the Scottish Parliament, and, as a direct result of this legislation, the publication of a bespoke strategy by the Scottish Government to take action against human trafficking and support victims. This article draws upon the findings of a qualitative research study exploring the community impact of organized crime in Scotland and, in doing so, refracts advances in both public awareness of human trafficking and the policing response to this issue through the analytical prism of ‘invisible crimes’. Ultimately, it traces the path of human trafficking from a peripheral and largely ‘invisible’ phenomenon to becoming a core issue of concern in Scotland’s policing and community safety landscape.

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“…The positioning of this research deviates from existing human trafficking literature which has focused on inter alia: cases of trafficking in persons for sexual exploitation (Baxter, 2019); research on human trafficking in Moldova (Bogdan, 2018); trafficking and health (Buzra et al, 2004); human trafficking and exploitation in the Scottish sex industry (Corn forth-Camden, transit monitoring (Hudlow, 2015); human trafficking prevention (Jones et al, 2018); trends in anti-trafficking and anti-slavery campaigns (Kempadoo, 2015); collaborative accompaniment of human trafficking and inequality (Mackinnon, 2011); review of combating human trafficking (Papanicolaou and Anonopoulos, 2018); global human trafficking unmasked (Pourmokhtari, 2015); health-care provider challenges to the identification of human trafficking (Recknor et al, 2018); global epidemiology of HIV among female sex workers (Shannon et al, 2015); determinants of human trafficking in the European Union (Tallmadge and Gitter, 2018); a study of trafficking in women from Central and Eastern Europe to Netherlands (Vocks and Nijboer, 2000); prohibiting sex purchasing and ending trafficking (Waltman, 2011) and the movement to criminalize sex work in the United States (Weitzer, 2010).…”

Section: The Lasting Impact Of Human Trafficking On Survivors In Nigeriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Corporate social responsibility in Nigeria and multinational corporations in the fight against human trafficking in oil-producing communities

2019

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In Nigeria, human trafficking is a hidden crime, driven by the current economic situation of the country. The Nigerian government has demonstrated significant efforts to combating human trafficking in the country by creating the National Agency for the Prohibition of Trafficking in Persons (NAPTIP). The incidents of human trafficking in the Nigeria's oil-producing communities have remained among the highest in the country and higher than the national average. The objective of this investigation was to determine the impact of a new corporate social responsibility (CSR) model of multinational oil companies (MOCs) on the fight against human trafficking in the host communities. A total of one thousand, two hundred households were sampled across the rural communities of Niger Delta. Results from the use of a combined propensity score matching and logit model indicated that MOCs hold the key to combating human trafficking by fostering effective partnership across different sectors, if highest CSR priority is assigned to reducing incidents of human trafficking in the oil-producing communities. Embracing the fight against human trafficking should form the foundation of General Memorandum of Understanding (GMoUs) practice, which in turn will provide the enabling environment for more widespread responsible business. As most of the human trafficking in the Niger Delta is exploited by relatives or friends; MOCs should involve traditional and religious leaders in the fight and set up GMoU clusters interventions specifically for anti-trafficking agencies including NAPTIP, the police and immigration to support their actions and improve efficiency.

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Global Human Trafficking Unmasked: A Feminist Rights-Based Approach

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

Modern slavery and labor exploitation during the COVID-19 pandemic: a conceptual model

Modern slavery and labor exploitation during the COVID-19 pandemic: a conceptual model

Still an ‘invisible crime’? Exploring developments in the awareness and control of human trafficking in Scotland

Corporate social responsibility in Nigeria and multinational corporations in the fight against human trafficking in oil-producing communities

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