Global Financial Development Report 2019/2020: Bank Regulation and Supervision a Decade after the Global Financial Crisis

Abstract

This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Nothing herein shall constitute or be considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved.

Natural Disasters and Banking Stability

“…Interest rates i,t captures the interest rates, since they can affect the banking stability through their lending rates and capital flows. Concentration i,t controls for the concentration of the banking system, and is calculated as the assets of the three largest banks as a share of assets of all commercial banks (Beck et al 2019). Credit i,t captures the different levels of financial development, which is the ratio of credit to private sector to GDP taken into the logarithm.…”

“…Trade-offs exist between concentration and stability. The data are collected from the financial development and structure dataset (Beck et al 2019).…”

Pension Funds, Insurance Companies and Stock Market Development: Evidence from Emerging Markets

“…On the other hand, pension funds were represented by total assets of pension funds which included any plan, fund, or scheme that provides retirement income as a percent of GDP, and the insurance sector was represented by assets of insurance companies as a percent of GDP. All series were provided from the World Bank Global Financial Development Database [52] and the study duration was specified as 2004-2019, given the availability of the variables.…”

Financial Development and Integration, Exchange Rate Regimes, and Economic Growth: New Evidence from African Economies

“…Most African financial systems are underdeveloped, are subject to a high degree of informality, they depend mainly on banking and other informal credit sources (Alagidede and Ibrahim, 2018;Dankyi et al, 2022;World Bank, 2017 and2021), receive less FDI inflows than peer Asian or Latin American developing countries, and have incipient stock markets, if at all.…”