Global fields of sea surface dimethylsulfide predicted from chlorophyll, nutrients and light

Anderson, Thomas R.; Spall, Steven A.; Yool, Andrew; Cipollini, Paolo; Challenor, Peter; Fasham, M. J. R.

doi:10.1016/s0924-7963(01)00028-8

Cited by 95 publications

(200 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…DMS is released as algal cells are crushed in the process of being grazed (Dacey and Wakeman, 1986;Daly and DiTullio, 1996); however, grazing on microzooplankton that have ingested DMS-containing algae may also increase DMS prevalence . On the other hand, though elevated concentrations of DMS have been associated in some regions with productive plumes (Hatton et al, 1998), blooms (Kwint and Kramer, 1996;Gabric et al, 1999) and upwelling (Anderson et al, 2001), this is not always the case. While some studies report a connection between the release of DMS in the water column and phytoplankton senescence (Kwint and Kramer, 1995), other studies determined that DMS was not well correlated with chlorophyll a concentration (Kwint and Kramer, 1996) or distributions of phytoplankton, microzooplankton or mesozooplankton .…”

Section: Relationships To Physical and Biological Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and biological variables affecting seabird distributions during the upwelling season of the northern California Current

Ainley

Spear

Tynan

et al. 2005

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

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As a part of the GLOBEC-Northeast Pacific project, we investigated variation in the abundance of marine birds in the context of biological and physical habitat conditions in the northern portion of the California Current System (CCS) during cruises during the upwelling season 2000. Continuous surveys of seabirds were conducted simultaneously in June (onset of upwelling) and August (mature phase of upwelling) with ocean properties quantified using a towed, undulating vehicle and a multi-frequency bioacoustic instrument (38-420 kHz). Twelve species of seabirds contributed 99% of the total community density and biomass. Species composition and densities were similar to those recorded elsewhere in the CCS during earlier studies of the upwelling season. At a scale of 2-4 km, physical and biological oceanographic variables explained an average of 25% of the variation in the distributions and abundance of the 12 species. The most important explanatory variables (among 14 initially included in each multiple regression model) were distance to upwelling-derived frontal features (center and edge of coastal jet, and an abrupt, inshore temperature gradient), sea-surface salinity, acoustic backscatter representing various sizes of prey (smaller seabird species were associated with smaller prey and the reverse for larger seabird species), and chlorophyll concentration. We discuss the importance of these variables in the context of what factors may be that seabirds use to find food. The high seabird density in the Heceta Bank and Cape Blanco areas indicate them to be refuges contrasting the low seabird densities currently found in most other parts of the CCS, following decline during the recent warm regime of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation.

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Section: Relationships To Physical and Biological Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and biological variables affecting seabird distributions during the upwelling season of the northern California Current

Ainley

Spear

Tynan

et al. 2005

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

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“…In order to use this knowledge in models, we have recalculated published data of cellular DMSP concentrations to provide DMSP-to-carbon (DMSP:C) ratios, that can be used to estimate DMSP production in blooms of different taxonomic groups (Table 1). In addition, we have provided DMSP-to-chlorophyll-a (DMSP:chl-a) ratios, since several global models use satellite-derived chlorophyll-a data multiplied with a trophic status factor, as a proxy for particulate DMSP (Anderson et al 2001;Aumont et al 2002;Bopp et al 2003;Simo and Dachs 2002). The carbon-to-chlorophyll-a conversion factor we used for this calculation (60 g/g) is typical for cultures that grow under nutrient-replete conditions and saturating light intensities (Geider 1987).…”

Section: Species Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental constraints on the production and removal of the climatically active gas dimethylsulphide (DMS) and implications for ecosystem modelling

et al. 2007

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Seawater concentrations of the climatecooling, volatile sulphur compound dimethylsulphide (DMS) are the result of numerous production and consumption processes within the marine ecosystem. Due to this complex nature, it is difficult to predict temporal and geographical distribution patterns of DMS concentrations and the inclusion of DMS into global ocean climate models has only been attempted recently. Comparisons between individual model predictions, and ground-truthing exercises revealed that information on the functional relationships between physical and chemical ecosystem parameters, biological productivity and the production and consumption of DMS and its precursor dimethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSP) is necessary to further refine future climate models. In this review an attempt is made to quantify these functional relationships. The description of processes includes: (1) parameters controlling DMSP production such as species composition and abiotic factors; (2) the conversion of DMSP to DMS by algal and bacterial enzymes; (3) the fate of DMSPsulphur due to, e.g., grazing, microbial consumption and sedimentation and (4) factors controlling DMS removal from the water column such as microbial consumption, photo-oxidation and emission to the atmosphere. We recommend the differentiation of six phytoplankton groups for inclusion in future models: eukaryotic and prokaryotic picoplankton, diatoms, dinoflagellates, and other phytoflagellates with and without DMSP-lyase activity. These functional groups are characterised by their cell size, DMSP content, DMSP-lyase activity and interactions with herbivorous grazers. In this review, emphasis is given to ecosystems dominated by the globally relevant haptophytes Emiliania huxleyi and Phaeocystis sp., which are important DMS and DMSP producers.

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“…Several studies attempted to build climatologies of the global distribution of DMS in the sea surface water. Belviso et al (2004a) recently compared seven global DMS monthly climatologies (Kettle et al, 1999;Kettle and Andreae, 2000;Anderson et al, 2001;Aumont et al, 2002;Simó and Dachs, 2002;Chu et al, 2003;Belviso et al, 2004b). For the zonal and annual mean they found differences ranging from 50% in the tropics to 100% in high latitudes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DMS cycle in the marine ocean-atmosphere system – a global model study

et al. 2006

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Abstract.A global coupled ocean-atmosphere modeling system is established to study the production of dimethylsulfide (DMS) in the ocean, the DMS flux to the atmosphere, and the resulting sulfur concentrations in the atmosphere. The DMS production and consumption processes in the ocean are simulated in the marine biogeochemistry model HAMOCC5, embedded in a ocean general circulation model (MPI-OM). The atmospheric model ECHAM5 is extended by the microphysical aerosol model HAM, treating the sulfur chemistry in the atmosphere and the evolution of the microphysically interacting internally-and externally mixed aerosol populations.We simulate a global annual mean DMS sea surface concentration of 1.8 nmol l −1 , a DMS emission of 28 Tg(S) yr −1 , a DMS burden in the atmosphere of 0.077 Tg(S), and a DMS lifetime of 1.0 days. To quantify the role of DMS in the atmospheric sulfur cycle we simulate the relative contribution of DMS-derived SO 2 and SO

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Global fields of sea surface dimethylsulfide predicted from chlorophyll, nutrients and light

Cited by 95 publications

References 56 publications

Physical and biological variables affecting seabird distributions during the upwelling season of the northern California Current

Physical and biological variables affecting seabird distributions during the upwelling season of the northern California Current

Environmental constraints on the production and removal of the climatically active gas dimethylsulphide (DMS) and implications for ecosystem modelling

DMS cycle in the marine ocean-atmosphere system – a global model study

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