Global expression analysis of CESA and CSL genes in Arabidopsis

Hamann, Thorsten; Osborne, Erin; Youngs, Heather; Misson, Julie; Nussaume, Laurent; Somerville, Chris

doi:10.1023/b:cell.0000046340.99925.57

Cited by 78 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The specific data sets discussed in this article are available from the Stanford Microarray Database and are listed in Supplementary Table 2. The Affymetrix experiments were carried out as described (Hamann et al, 2005).…”

Section: Transcriptional Profilingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The PEN1 Syntaxin Defines a Novel Cellular Compartment upon Fungal Attack and Is Required for the Timely Assembly of Papillae

Assaad

Qiu

Youngs

et al. 2004

MBoC

355

388

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Attack by the host powdery mildew Erysiphe cichoracearum usually results in successful penetration and rapid proliferation of the fungus on Arabidopsis. By contrast, the nonhost barley powdery mildew Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (Bgh) typically fails to penetrate Arabidopsis epidermal cells. In both instances the plant secretes cell wall appositions or papillae beneath the penetration peg of the fungus. Genetic screens for mutations that result in increased penetration of Bgh on Arabidopsis have recently identified the PEN1 syntaxin. Here we examine the role of PEN1 and of its closest homologue, SYP122, identified as a syntaxin whose expression is responsive to infection. pen1 syp122 double mutants are both dwarfed and necrotic, suggesting that the two syntaxins have overlapping functions. Although syp122-1 and the cell wall mur mutants have considerably more pronounced primary cell wall defects than pen1 mutants, these have relatively subtle or no effects on penetration resistance. Upon fungal attack, PEN1 appears to be actively recruited to papillae, and there is a 2-h delay in papillae formation in the pen1-1 mutant. We conclude that SYP122 may have a general function in secretion, including a role in cell wall deposition. By contrast, PEN1 appears to have a basal function in secretion and a specialized defense-related function, being required for the polarized secretion events that give rise to papilla formation.

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Section: Transcriptional Profilingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The PEN1 Syntaxin Defines a Novel Cellular Compartment upon Fungal Attack and Is Required for the Timely Assembly of Papillae

Assaad

Qiu

Youngs

et al. 2004

MBoC

355

388

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show abstract

“…In Arabidopsis and other plant species, three CesA genes (CesA4, 7 and 8) have been associated with secondary cell wall deposition, while a different set of CesA genes were found to be involved in primary cell wall formation (Turner and Somerville 1997;Taylor et al 2000;Taylor et al 2003;Hamann et al 2004;Samuga and Joshi 2004;Ranik and Myburg 2006). During primary cell wall formation in Arabidopsis two CesA genes, AtCesA1 and 3, are essential for cell development with knock-out mutants being lethal (Arioli et al 1998;Scheible et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induced somatic sector analysis of cellulose synthase (CesA) promoter regions in woody stem tissues

Creux

Bossinger

Myburg

et al. 2012

Planta

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The increasing focus on plantation forestry as a renewable source of cellulosic biomass has emphasized the need for tools to study the unique biology of woody genera such as Eucalyptus, Populus and Pinus. The domestication of these woody crops is hampered by long generation times, and breeders are now looking to molecular approaches such as markerassisted breeding and genetic modification to accelerate tree improvement. Much of what is known about genes involved in the growth and development of plants has come from studies of herbaceous models such as Arabidopsis and rice. However, transferring this information to woody plants often proves difficult, especially for genes expressed in woody stems. Here we report the use of Induced Somatic Sector Analysis (ISSA) for characterization of promoter expression patterns directly in the stems of Populus and Eucalyptus trees. As a case study, we used previously characterized primary and secondary cell wall related cellulose synthase (CesA) promoters cloned from Eucalyptus grandis. We show that ISSA can be used to elucidate the phloem and xylem expression patterns of the CesA genes in Eucalyptus and Populus stems, but also show that the staining patterns differ in Eucalyptus and Populus stems. These findings show that ISSA is an efficient approach to investigate promoter function in the developmental context of woody plant tissues and raise questions about the suitability of heterologous promoters for genetic manipulation in plant species.

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“…CesA gene family members have conserved roles in the deposition of primary and secondary cell walls in all seed plants studied to date (Burn et al 2002;Burton et al 2004;Hamann et al 2004;Ranik and Myburg 2006). This suggests that the major clades of the gene family differentiated early during Spermatophyte evolution (Sarkar et al 2009;Yin et al 2009;Popper et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This suggests that the major clades of the gene family differentiated early during Spermatophyte evolution (Sarkar et al 2009;Yin et al 2009;Popper et al 2011). A distinctive set of expression patterns characterize the major clades with CesA genes involved in primary and secondary cell wall deposition exhibiting unique, developmentally regulated expression profiles (Hamann et al 2004). The conserved nature of these genes and their highly coordinated, but differential, expression patterns point to the action of a conserved network of cis-and trans-regulatory factors in plants (Demura and Fukuda 2007;Zhong et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CESA proteins, encoded by the CesA gene family, form large membrane-embedded complexes depositing cellulose into plant cell walls (Mutwil et al 2008). In embryophytes, this gene family forms a distinct clade consisting of 8-18 members per species (Hamann et al 2004;Roberts and Bushoven 2007;Kumar et al 2009;Yin et al 2009). In plants there are two distinct CesA gene expression groups, one associated with primary cell wall formation and the other with secondary cell wall formation (Taylor et al 2004;Desprez et al 2007).…”

Section: Eucalyptusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversity and cis-element architecture of the promoter regions of cellulose synthase genes in Eucalyptus

Creux

Castro

Ranik

et al. 2013

Tree Genetics & Genomes

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Lignocellulosic biomass from fast-growing plantation trees is composed of carbohydrate-rich materials deposited into plant cell walls in a coordinated manner during wood formation. The diversity and evolution of the transcriptional networks regulating this process have not been studied extensively. We investigated patterns of species-level nucleotide diversity in the -2 -promoters of cellulose synthase (CesA) genes from different Eucalyptus tree species and assessed the possible roles of DNA sequence polymorphism in the gain or loss of ciselements harboured within the promoters. Promoter regions of three primary and three secondary cell wall-associated CesA genes were isolated from 13 Eucalyptus species and were analysed for nucleotide and cis-element diversity. Species-level nucleotide diversity (π) ranged from 0.014 to 0.068 and different CesA promoters exhibited distinct patterns of sequence conservation. A set of 22 putative cis-elements were mapped to the CesA promoters using in silico methods. Forty two percent of the mapped cis-element occurrences contained singleton polymorphisms which resulted in either the gain or loss of a cis-element in a particular Eucalyptus species. The promoters of Eucalyptus CesA genes contained regions that are highly conserved at the species (Eucalyptus) and genus (with Arabidopsis and Populus) level, suggesting the presence of regulatory modules imposing functional constraint on such regions. Nucleotide polymorphisms in the CesA promoters more frequently created new cis-element occurrences than disrupted existing cis-element occurrences, a process which may be important for the maintenance and evolution of cellulose gene regulation in plants.

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Global expression analysis of CESA and CSL genes in Arabidopsis

Cited by 78 publications

References 32 publications

The PEN1 Syntaxin Defines a Novel Cellular Compartment upon Fungal Attack and Is Required for the Timely Assembly of Papillae

The PEN1 Syntaxin Defines a Novel Cellular Compartment upon Fungal Attack and Is Required for the Timely Assembly of Papillae

Induced somatic sector analysis of cellulose synthase (CesA) promoter regions in woody stem tissues

Diversity and cis-element architecture of the promoter regions of cellulose synthase genes in Eucalyptus

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