Global Evolutionary Trend of the Prevalence of Primary Glomerulonephritis over the Past Three Decades

Abstract

Objective: The prevalence of primary glomerulonephritis in Singapore is compared with that of 28 other countries to review changing trends in the evolution of primary glomerulonephritis in Asia and other countries. Method: 2,586 renal biopsies in Singapore over the past 3 decades were reviewed and compared with data from 28 other countries. Results: In the 1st decade most Asian countries have mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis as the most common form of primary glomerulonephritis, and in the 3rd decade there has been a dramatic increase in focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis reflecting aging and obesity in keeping with more developed countries. IgA nephritis remains the commonest glomerulonephritis in many countries. Membranous glomerulonephritis continues to be more prevalent in Western countries while mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis remains prevalent in many Asian countries. Conclusion: Apart from geographical and genetic influences, socioeconomic factors may play a role in the evolution of the biopsy pattern in some countries. Worldwide, the prevalence of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis continues to increase. In third world countries some of the commoner forms of glomerulonephritis are related to infections, in contrast to developed countries where the antigenic exposure may be related to diet, allergens and other industrial agents.

Clinical and histopathologic profile of patients with primary IgA nephropathy seen in a tertiary hospital in India

“…1,2 The prevalence as well as the prognosis of IgAN shows geographic and ethnic variation. It is reported to be significantly more common in Asians especially in Japan, Singapore, and China [3][4][5][6] and Chinese patients have been shown to have poorer prognosis compared to their Western counterparts. 6 The prevalence of IgAN in India 7-10 is reported to be 4.5-16% of all patients with biopsy verified glomerular disease, and it is considered to be a severe disease with poor outcome.…”

Histopathological Pattern of Glomerulonephritis: Experience from BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh

“…Mundi I etal and Mannan R et al 10,13 demonstrated FSGS, MN and minimal change disease(MCD) being the commonest form of PGN in India. Data from Singapore and other countries also showed that the prevalence of FSGS and MN have become increased in recent time 1 This may be related to increasing number of patients with obesity, DM and smoking habits, a pattern representing the rising affluence in these countries where FSGS represents the changing life style of fast food and unhealthy diets predisposing to disease like obesity and DM. In our study though many of our cases were diabetic but there average body built and life style do not yet match with that of the affluent society.…”

“…The pattern of glomerulonephritis (GN) varies widely from country to country, reflecting the possible effects of socio-economic, genetic and environmental factors. 1 The disease spectrum is also been changing over the last few decades. 1 IgA nephropathy is the commonest primary glomerular disease from east Asia, as well as in white Europeans and Americans.…”

“…1 The disease spectrum is also been changing over the last few decades. 1 IgA nephropathy is the commonest primary glomerular disease from east Asia, as well as in white Europeans and Americans. [2][3][4][5] In contrast, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is the commonest glomerular disease among African-Americans, South Americans and in the Middle East.…”

A Two Year Observation on Trend of Primary Glomerulonephritis in A Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh

“…The pattern of glomerulonephritis (GN) varies widely from country to country, reflecting the possible effects of socio-economic, genetic and environmental factors. 1 The disease spectrum has also been changing over the last few decades. 1 IgA nephropathy is the common primary glomerular disease from East Asia, as well as in white Europeans and American.…”