Global Estimates of the Prevalence and Incidence of Four Curable Sexually Transmitted Infections in 2012 Based on Systematic Review and Global Reporting

Abstract

BackgroundQuantifying sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevalence and incidence is important for planning interventions and advocating for resources. The World Health Organization (WHO) periodically estimates global and regional prevalence and incidence of four curable STIs: chlamydia, gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis and syphilis.Methods and FindingsWHO’s 2012 estimates were based upon literature reviews of prevalence data from 2005 through 2012 among general populations for genitourinary infection with chlamydia, gonorrhoea, and trichomoniasis, and nationally reported data on syphilis seroprevalence among antenatal care attendees. Data were standardized for laboratory test type, geography, age, and high risk subpopulations, and combined using a Bayesian meta-analytic approach. Regional incidence estimates were generated from prevalence estimates by adjusting for average duration of infection. In 2012, among women aged 15–49 years, the estimated global prevalence of chlamydia was 4.2% (95% uncertainty interval (UI): 3.7–4.7%), gonorrhoea 0.8% (0.6–1.0%), trichomoniasis 5.0% (4.0–6.4%), and syphilis 0.5% (0.4–0.6%); among men, estimated chlamydia prevalence was 2.7% (2.0–3.6%), gonorrhoea 0.6% (0.4–0.9%), trichomoniasis 0.6% (0.4–0.8%), and syphilis 0.48% (0.3–0.7%). These figures correspond to an estimated 131 million new cases of chlamydia (100–166 million), 78 million of gonorrhoea (53–110 million), 143 million of trichomoniasis (98–202 million), and 6 million of syphilis (4–8 million). Prevalence and incidence estimates varied by region and sex.ConclusionsEstimates of the global prevalence and incidence of chlamydia, gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis, and syphilis in adult women and men remain high, with nearly one million new infections with curable STI each day. The estimates highlight the urgent need for the public health community to ensure that well-recognized effective interventions for STI prevention, screening, diagnosis, and treatment are made more widely available. Improved estimation methods are needed to allow use of more varied data and generation of estimates at the national level.

Infección por Chlamydia trachomatis en pacientes de una institución de salud de Bogotá y Medellín, 2012-2015

“…Al mismo tiempo, resulta mayor que el reporte del grupo de Newman en 2012 quien halló una frecuencia del 4,2% (IC 95 = 3,7-4,7) en mujeres entre 15 y 49 años 9 .…”

“…En este sentido, se puede resaltar el estudio del grupo de Newman en 2012 que, con base en estudios seleccionados mediante una revisión sistemática de reportes globales de ITS, encontró una prevalencia de 4,2% (IC 95 = 3,7-4,7) en mujeres entre 15 y 49 años 9 . Una revisión sistemática de estudios publicados entre 1980 y 2000 en mujeres asintomáticas de Europa, reportó prevalencias en un rango entre 1,7% y 17%, dependiente de la población y el país de estudio 10 .…”

Lower Levels of Cervicovaginal Tryptophan Are Associated With Natural Clearance of Chlamydia in Women

“…Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) causes the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection worldwide [1]. Ct infection can cause chronic inflammation of the reproductive tract, which can lead to complications like tubal factor infertility.…”

“…Ct infection can cause chronic inflammation of the reproductive tract, which can lead to complications like tubal factor infertility. Despite public health efforts, Ct infection prevalence continues to increase [1], and our limited understanding of how Ct infection is cleared in humans is a hindrance to vaccine development.…”

Knowledge Regarding STI RTI Services among Interns in Government Vellore Medical College March to June 2017

“…Every year 357 million new cases of sexually transmitted infections occur in 15-49 years population in the world 1,2,3 .…”