Global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2013 and projections for 2035

Guariguata, Leonor; Whiting, David; Hambleton, Ian; Beagley, Jessica; Linnenkamp, Ute; Shaw, Jonathan E.

doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2013.11.002

Cited by 3,785 publications

(2,741 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 is a key public health problem worldwide, predicted to affect more than 500 million people by 2035 1. DM is a major risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) including coronary heart disease, stroke, peripheral artery disease, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation; and DM was listed as the primary or secondary cause of >200 000 deaths in the United States in 2014 2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liraglutide Treatment Reduces Endothelial Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Insulin Resistance in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus

Bretón‐Romero

Weisbrod

Feng

et al. 2018

JAHA

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BackgroundPrior studies have shown that nutrient excess induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in nonvascular tissues from patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). ER stress and the subsequent unfolded protein response may be protective, but sustained activation may drive vascular injury. Whether ER stress contributes to endothelial dysfunction in patients with DM remains unknown.Methods and ResultsTo characterize vascular ER stress, we isolated endothelial cells from 42 patients with DM and 37 subjects without DM. Endothelial cells from patients with DM displayed higher levels of ER stress markers compared with controls without DM. Both the early adaptive response, evidenced by higher phosphorylated protein kinase–like ER eukaryotic initiation factor‐2a kinase and inositol‐requiring ER‐to‐nucleus signaling protein 1 (P=0.02, P=0.007, respectively), and the chronic ER stress response evidenced by higher C/EBPα‐homologous protein (P=0.02), were activated in patients with DM. Higher inositol‐requiring ER‐to‐nucleus signaling protein 1 activation was associated with lower flow–mediated dilation, consistent with endothelial dysfunction (r=0.53, P=0.02). Acute treatment with liraglutide, a glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonist, reduced p‐inositol‐requiring ER‐to‐nucleus signaling protein 1 (P=0.01), and the activation of its downstream target c‐jun N‐terminal kinase (P=0.025) in endothelial cells from patients with DM. Furthermore, liraglutide restored insulin‐stimulated endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation in patients with DM (P=0.019).ConclusionsIn summary, our data suggest that ER stress contributes to vascular insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction in patients with DM. Further, we have demonstrated that liraglutide ameliorates ER stress, decreases c‐jun N‐terminal kinase activation and restores insulin‐mediated endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation in endothelial cells from patients with DM.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liraglutide Treatment Reduces Endothelial Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Insulin Resistance in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus

Bretón‐Romero

Weisbrod

Feng

et al. 2018

JAHA

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“…The 2012 Japanese National Health and Nutrition Survey showed that approximately 9.5 million people could be classed into the ‘strong suspicion of diabetes mellitus (glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c]: ≥6.5% [National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program] or ≥6.1% [Japan Diabetes Society (JDS)])’ category, whereas for an estimated 11.0 million individuals, the possibility of having diabetes mellitus could not be denied (HbA1c ≥6.0 and <6.5% [National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program] or ≥5.6 and <6.1% [JDS])2. Estimates from 2013 suggest that 7.6% of the Japanese population have type 2 diabetes mellitus3. Hence, type 2 diabetes mellitus is considered a healthcare priority by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare4.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety, tolerability and efficacy of lixisenatide as monotherapy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: An open‐label, multicenter study

Seino

Terauchi

Wang

et al. 2017

J of Diabetes Invest

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Aim/IntroductionTo assess the overall safety of lixisenatide monotherapy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Materials and MethodsPatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, previously treated with ≤1 oral antidiabetic drug, were enrolled in an uncontrolled, open‐label, single‐arm study over 24 and 52 weeks. Any oral antidiabetic drug treatment was stopped at the start of the 6‐week run‐in period. From baseline, patients received once‐daily lixisenatide monotherapy (10 μg for 1 week, 15 μg for 1 week, 20 μg thereafter) for 52 weeks (first 140 patients enrolled) or 24 weeks (subsequently enrolled patients). The primary end‐point was safety over 24 and 52 weeks. Secondary efficacy end‐points included absolute change in glycated hemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose and bodyweight from baseline.ResultsOf 428 patients screened, 361 and 140 were treated for 24 and 52 weeks, respectively; 88.4 and 90.0% completed treatment. During the 24‐ and 52‐week treatment periods, 268/361 (74.2%) and 117/140 (83.6%) patients, respectively, had treatment‐emergent adverse events; the most frequently reported was nausea (33.2 and 31.4%, respectively). The risk of severe hypoglycemia was low; only one case was reported. Lixisenatide treatment resulted in a decrease in mean glycated hemoglobin A1c (−0.98 and −0.86%), fasting plasma glucose (−1.05 and −0.85 mmol/L), and bodyweight (−1.33 and −1.48 kg) for the 24‐ and 52‐week treatment periods, respectively.ConclusionsOnce‐daily lixisenatide monotherapy was associated with a safety profile in line with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist class, and improved glycemic control in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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“…Diabetiker weltweit. Die größte Zunahme wird in Ländern mit niedrigem und mittlerem Einkommensniveau erwartet [3].…”

Section: Epidemiologie Des Typ 2 Diabetes Mellitusunclassified

Typ 2 Diabetes mellitus – Screening und Prävention

Stadler

Fröhlich‐Reiterer

Prager

2016

Wien Klin Wochenschr

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Global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2013 and projections for 2035

Cited by 3,785 publications

References 57 publications

Liraglutide Treatment Reduces Endothelial Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Insulin Resistance in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus

Liraglutide Treatment Reduces Endothelial Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Insulin Resistance in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus

Safety, tolerability and efficacy of lixisenatide as monotherapy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: An open‐label, multicenter study

Typ 2 Diabetes mellitus – Screening und Prävention

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