Global Estimates for Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Adults

King, Hilary; Rewers, Marian

doi:10.2337/diacare.16.1.157

Cited by 773 publications

(523 citation statements)

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“…The rapid increase of diabetes worldwide is primarily a consequence of aging in most populations and the increase of obesity and physical inactivity [2].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Age, body mass index and Type 2 diabetes?associations modified by ethnicity

Group

2003

Diabetologia

173

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Aims/hypothesis. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of ethnicity on the association between age and body mass index as well as the prevalence of diabetes. Methods. We selected population-based studies carried out after 1980 in the DECODE/A studies representing different ethnic groups: 11 European, 1 Maltese, 3 Indian, 2 Chinese and 3 Japanese surveys. The total numbers of subjects were 14,240 men and 15,129 women who were 30 to 89 years of age. Diabetes was diagnosed according to the 1999 World Health Organization criteria based on a standard 75 g OGTT. Sexspecific prevalence of diabetes by age and BMI was stratified by ethnic group, in particular the interaction of ethnicity on the associations between age/BMI and the prevalence of diabetes.Results. The prevalence of diabetes was higher in studies from India and Malta compared to Japan, China, and the rest of Europe. The association between BMI and diabetes, adjusted for age, showed noticeable differences between the ethnic groups with an increase in prevalence starting at a BMI between 15 and 20 kg/m 2 in the Maltese and Indian populations compared to 25 kg/m 2 in Europeans. Conclusion/interpretation. The effect of BMI on the age-adjusted prevalence of Type 2 diabetes was modified by ethnicity with considerably lower thresholds in Indian and Maltese subjects compared to those from the rest of Europe. This difference should be reflected in national and international recommendations regarding "optimal" BMI.

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“…The rapid increase of diabetes worldwide is primarily a consequence of aging in most populations and the increase of obesity and physical inactivity [2].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes varies considerably between countries, regions and ethnic groups [2]. Although the variation in prevalence has been associated with regional variations in the distribution of established behavioral and environmental risk factors [3,4,5], it has not been fully explained by these factors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Age, body mass index and Type 2 diabetes?associations modified by ethnicity

Group

2003

Diabetologia

173

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“…The age-adjusted prevalence of DM standardized to the world population (King & Rewers, 1993) is comparable to Chinese in Singapore (King & Rewers, 1993), however, the prevalence of IGT is 10-fold higher. These figures are higher than those in the UK, DM and IGT prevalence in Hong Kong being 100 and 30% higher, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…To enable comparison with other studies, the prevalence rate of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance was standardized to the world population of Segi using the truncated standard age range as recommended by King and Rewers (1993). The rate for DM was 6.6% for men and 5.7% for women, and for IGT 10.3% for men and 15.4% for women, aged 30 -64 y.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Globally, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance and the health consequences may be considered a public health problem (King & Rewers, 1993). In particular, among Hong Kong Chinese, the prevalence appears to be rising (Cockram et al, 1993;Janus et al, 2000), the latest figures for 1995 for men and women being 2.0 and 1.4% for those aged 25 -34 to 21.7 and 29.3% at age 65 -74 y. Dietary factors have been shown to contribute to the development of glucose intolerance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diet and glucose tolerance in a Chinese population

Woo

Sham

et al. 2003

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Background: Associations between dietary factors and glucose tolerance observed in Caucasian populations may not be applicable to Chinese populations, since the traditional Chinese diet contains plentiful vegetables and is rice-based (which has a lower glycemic index than potatoes). To address this question, the dietary patterns in 988 Hong Kong Chinese subjects with normal and impaired glucose tolerance, and diabetes, were examined in a cross sectional survey to determine if there is any association between diet and glucose tolerance. Method: A stratified random population sample of 988 subjects (488 male, 500 female) was recruited. A food frequency questionnaire was used to determine dietary intake, and glucose tolerance was examined using the glucose tolerance test and the WHO criteria used to classify subjects into the three glucose tolerance categories. Results: Using the standardized world population of Segi, the prevalence rate for DM was 6.6% for men and 5.7% for women; and for IGT 10.3% for men and 15.4% for women aged 30 -64 y. Abnormal glucose tolerance is associated with female gender, older age, lower educational attainment and higher body mass index (BMI). No clear pattern of association with dietary factors was observed after adjusting for confounding factors. However, if subjects with BMI ! 25 kg=m 2 were excluded, an increase in mean consumption of rice=noodles=pasta per week was observed in the DM group, after adjusting for total energy intake and other confounding factors. No association between dietary variety, which has been linked with body fatness, and glucose tolerance, was observed. Conclusion: Dietary habit may not be a strong risk factor for the development of glucose intolerance in Chinese populations, given the favorable features of the Chinese diet. The high consumption of rice in the DM subjects who are of normal BMI suggests that further studies examining glycemic indices of Chinese food items may be beneficial. Obesity still remains the most important predisposing factor.

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Admission Blood Glucose Level as Risk Indicator of Death After Myocardial Infarction in Patients With and Without Diabetes Mellitus

Diamant²,

et al. 2004

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Admission blood glucose level after AMI is an independent predictor of long-term mortality in patients with and without known diabetes. Subjects with unknown diabetes and admission glucose levels of 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) or more after AMI have mortality rates comparable to those of subjects with established diabetes. Admission blood glucose level may serve to identify subjects at high long-term mortality risk, in particular among those with unknown diabetes.

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Global Estimates for Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Adults

Abstract: Diabetes in adults is now a global health problem, and populations of developing countries, minority groups, and disadvantaged communities in industrialized countries now face the greatest risk.

Cited by 773 publications

References 0 publications

Age, body mass index and Type 2 diabetes?associations modified by ethnicity

Age, body mass index and Type 2 diabetes?associations modified by ethnicity

Diet and glucose tolerance in a Chinese population

Admission Blood Glucose Level as Risk Indicator of Death After Myocardial Infarction in Patients With and Without Diabetes Mellitus

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