Global crop impacts, yield losses and action thresholds for fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda): A review

Overton, Kathy; Maino, James L.; Day, Roger; Umina, Paul A; Bett, Bosibori; Carnovale, Daniela; Ekesi, Sunday; Meagher, Robert L.; Reynolds, Olivia L.

doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2021.105641

Cited by 149 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…FAW was first detected in India in 2018 in maize fields of Karnataka state [4], and quickly invaded other regions in India [9]. FAW is a highly destructive polyphagous crop pest with the greatest yield losses projected in maize [10,11]. In India, maize is a staple food, and its production was estimated to be 28.6 million tons in 2019 [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Baseline Susceptibility of Spodoptera frugiperda Populations Collected in India towards Different Chemical Classes of Insecticides

Kulye

Mehlhorn

Boaventura

et al. 2021

Insects

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Fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, is a major pest of maize in the Americas and recently invaded the Eastern hemisphere. It was first detected in India in 2018 and is considered a major threat to maize production. FAW control largely relies on the application of chemical insecticides and transgenic crops expressing Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal proteins. Assessing FAW resistance and insecticide susceptibility is a cornerstone to develop sustainable resistance management strategies. In this study, we conducted more than 400 bioassays to assess the efficacy of nine insecticides from seven mode-of-action classes against 47 FAW populations collected in 2019 and 2020 across various geographical areas in India. The resistance status of the field-collected populations was compared to an Indian population sampled in 2018, and an insecticide susceptible reference population collected in 2005 in Brazil. Low to moderate resistance levels were observed for thiodicarb, chlorpyriphos, deltamethrin, chlorantraniliprole and flubendiamide in several populations (including the reference population collected in 2018). The highest resistance ratios were observed for deltamethrin which likely compromises recommended label rates for pyrethroid insecticides in general. Our data provide a useful baseline for future FAW resistance monitoring initiatives and highlight the need to implement insecticide resistance management strategies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Baseline Susceptibility of Spodoptera frugiperda Populations Collected in India towards Different Chemical Classes of Insecticides

Kulye

Mehlhorn

Boaventura

et al. 2021

Insects

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“…Fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith), is an important polyphagous pest that attacks several agricultural crops worldwide. 1,2 For long time chemical insecticides have been the principal control tactic for managing FAW; however, the deployment of genetically engineered plants expressing insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Berliner providing resistance against FAW have revolutionized its management. 3 In South American countries, during the 2019/2020 maize season, nearly 30 million hectares were cultivated with Bt maize ( ~20 million hectares in Brazil), representing more than 80% of the total area occupied by this crop.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field‐evolved resistance to chlorpyrifos by Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Inheritance mode, cross‐resistance patterns, and synergism

Garlet

Gubiani

Palharini

et al. 2021

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND: Fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith), is an economically important pest worldwide. In this study, we selected a genotype of FAW resistant to chlorpyrifos from a field-collected population, characterized the genetic basis of resistance, and evaluated cross-resistance and mechanisms of resistance using synergists. RESULTS:The LD 50 values of chlorpyrifos for the resistant (Clorp-R) and susceptible (Sus) FAW genotypes were 24.26 and 0.023 ∼g per larva, respectively, representing a resistance ratio > 1050-fold. The LD 50 values of chlorpyrifos against heterozygotes were 3.34 and 4.00 ∼g per larva, suggesting that resistance is autosomally inherited. The chlorpyrifos resistance in FAW was influenced by few genes, with the minimum numbers of segregations being 1.74 and 1.88. On chlorpyrifos-sprayed plants and leaves, Clorp-R and heterozygote genotypes showed >95% and >52% survival, respectively, whereas the Sus genotype had no survival, indicating that the resistance is incompletely dominant at the field rate of chlorpyrifos. The Clorp-R genotype presented some cross-resistance to acephate, but low cross-resistance to thiodicarb, methomyl, chlorfenapyr, flubendiamide, methoxyfenozide, spinetoram, and teflubenzuron. The synergists piperonyl butoxide, diethyl maleate, and S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithiotate did not have relevant effects on the Clorp-R genotype, suggesting a minor role for metabolic resistance.CONCLUSIONS: The inheritance of chlorpyrifos resistance in FAW was characterized as autosomal, incompletely dominant, and polygenic, with metabolic resistance playing a small role in the detoxification of chlorpyrifos. Low cross-resistance between chlorpyrifos and other mode of action (MoA) insecticides occurs in FAW, highlighting the importance of considering the rotation of MoA as a strategy to delay resistance.

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“…The recent invasion (since 2016) of maize by fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, hereafter referred to as FAW, has exacerbated the already fragile food systems and food security in the region [4][5][6][7][8]. Farm-level estimates in some SSA countries showed that FAW causes maize production losses of between 11% and 67% [6,[9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic and health impacts of fall armyworm in Ethiopia

Abro¹,

Kimathi

Groote

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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Since 2016, fall armyworm (FAW) has threatened sub-Saharan ‘Africa’s fragile food systems and economic performance. Yet, there is limited evidence on this transboundary pest’s economic and food security impacts in the region. Additionally, the health and environmental consequences of the insecticides being used to control FAW have not been studied. This paper presents evidence on the impacts of FAW on maize production, food security, and human and environmental health. We use a combination of an agroecology-based community survey and nationally representative data from an agricultural household survey to achieve our objectives. The results indicate that the pest causes an average annual loss of 36% in maize production, reducing 0.67 million tonnes of maize (0.225 million tonnes per year) between 2017 and 2019. The total economic loss is US$ 200 million, or 0.08% of the gross domestic product. The lost production could have met the per capita maize consumption of 4 million people. We also find that insecticides to control FAW have more significant toxic effects on the environment than on humans. This paper highlights governments and development partners need to invest in sustainable FAW control strategies to reduce maize production loss, improve food security, and protect human and environmental health.

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Global crop impacts, yield losses and action thresholds for fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda): A review

Cited by 149 publications

References 52 publications

Baseline Susceptibility of Spodoptera frugiperda Populations Collected in India towards Different Chemical Classes of Insecticides

Baseline Susceptibility of Spodoptera frugiperda Populations Collected in India towards Different Chemical Classes of Insecticides

Field‐evolved resistance to chlorpyrifos by Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Inheritance mode, cross‐resistance patterns, and synergism

Socioeconomic and health impacts of fall armyworm in Ethiopia

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