Global change, the impact of the greenhouse effect (atmospheric CO2 enrichment) and the increased UV-B radiation on terrestrial plants

Rozema, J.; Lenssen, G. M.; Arp, Willem J.; Staaij, J.W.M. van de

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-0599-3_20

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The decrease in SLA with elevated CO2 (Table 5) may be the result of an increased leaf area and a relatively stronger increase of the leaf biomass, due to starch accumulation (Table 5). Stomatal densities of leaves of Aster tripolium did not decrease with CO2 enrichment, but increased markedly with increased salinity (Rozema et al 1991c). This finding indicates that environmental factors other than 185 atmospheric carbon dioxide alone, affect stomatal density.…”

Section: Leaf Area and Stomatal Index In Response To Elevated Atmosphmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Global climatic change, among other things comprises rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide, predominantly the result of combustion of fossil fuels, and enhanced levels of UV-B radiation due to stratospheric ozone depletion Rozema et al 1991c). Atmospheric carbon dioxide and solar ultraviolet-B (UV-B-between 280-320 nm) will rise simultaneously.…”

Section: C02 Enrichment and Uv-b Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…water, nutrient) and biotic (e.g. pathogens) environmental stresses 191;Rozema et al 1991c). It is unknown whether CO2 enrichment will alleviate plant growth reduction caused by elevated UV-B.…”

Section: C02 Enrichment and Uv-b Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant responses to atmospheric carbon dioxide enrichment: interactions with some soil and atmospheric conditions

Rozema

1993

Vegetatio

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Open Top Chambers used for assessment of the response of wheat (C3) and maize (C4) plants to atmospheric carbon dioxide enrichment. (Photograph J. Rozema). AbstractIn general, C3 plant species are more responsive to atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) enrichment than C4-plants. Increased relative growth rate at elevated CO2 primarily relates to increased Net Assimilation Rate (NAR), and enhancement of net photosynthesis and reduced photorespiration. Transpiration and stomatal conductance decrease with elevated CO2, water use efficiency and shoot water potential increase, particularly in plants grown at high soil salinity. Leaf area per plant and leaf area per leaf may increase in an early growth stage with increased CO2, after a period of time Leaf Area Ratio (LAR) and Specific Leaf Area (SLA) generally decrease. Starch may accumulate with time in leaves grown at elevated CO2. Plants grown under salt stress with increased (dark) respiration as a sink for photosynthates, may not show such acclimation to increased atmospheric CO2 levels. Plant growth may be stimulated by atmospheric carbon dioxide enrichment and reduced by enhanced UV-B radiation but the limited data available on the effect of combined elevated CO2 and ultraviolet B (280-320 nm) (UV-B) radiation allow no general conclusion. CO2-induced increase of growth rate can be markedly modified at elevated UV-B radiation. Plant responses to elevated atmospheric CO2 and other environmental factors such as soil salinity and UV-B tend to be species-specific, because plant species differ in sensitivity to salinity and UV-B radiation, as well as to other environmental stress factors (drought, nutrient deficiency). Therefore, the effects of joint elevated atmospheric CO2 and increased soil salinity or elevated CO2 and enhanced UV-B to plants are physiologically complex.

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Section: Leaf Area and Stomatal Index In Response To Elevated Atmosphmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: C02 Enrichment and Uv-b Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant responses to atmospheric carbon dioxide enrichment: interactions with some soil and atmospheric conditions

Rozema

1993

Vegetatio

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“…It has generally been found that increased Ca results in increased leaf area index (LAI) or leaf area per plant (Wong 1979;Goudriaan & de Ruiter 1983;Jones et al 1984;Sasek & Strain 1989). Several workers have attributed this increase in leaf area to an increase in the total number of leaves (Goudriaan & de Ruiter 1983;Conroy et al 1986;Downton et al 1990) or shoots (Rozema et al 1991B), while others have found that it is leaf size, and not number, that results in increased total leaf area (Jones et al 1984). Jones et al (1984) observed a 30 ~o increase in LAI of G. max grown at high Ca-This increase was linked to an increase in WUE that resulted from enhanced A and a decrease in E. The increased growth rate of foliage treated with high Ca is most likely due to increased carbon gain (Rogers et al 1984;Tolley & Strain 1984;Norby et al 1986), providing more building material for leaf tissue and increased cell qJpt (Sionit et al 1981;Norby et al 1986;Sasek & Strain 1989), allowing a higher rate of cell expansion over a longer duration.…”

Section: Foliage Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant water relations and the effects of elevated CO2: a review and suggestions for future research

1993

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Increased ambient carbon dioxide ( C O 2 ) has been found to ameliorate water stress in the majority of species studied. The results of many studies indicate that lower evaporative flux density is associated with high CO2-induced stomatal closure. As a result of decreases in evaporative flux density and increases in net photosynthesis, also found to occur in high CO2 environments, plants have often been shown to maintain higher water use efficiencies when grown at high CO2 than when grown in normal, ambient air. Plants grown at high CO2 have also been found to maintain higher total water potentials, to increase biomass production, have larger root-to-shoot ratios, and to be generally more drought resistant (through avoidance mechanisms) than those grown at ambient C O 2 levels. High C02-induced changes in plant structure (i.e., vessel or tracheid anatomy, leaf specific conductivity) may be associated with changes in vulnerability to xylem cavitation or in environmental conditions in which runaway embolism is likely to occur. Further study is needed to resolve these important issues. Methodology and other C02 effects on plant water relations are discussed.Abbreviations: A = net photosynthesis; C a = ambient [CO2]; C i = internal [CO2]; E = evaporative flux density; g~ = leaf conductance; gs = stomatal conductance; LSC = leaf specific conductivity; IRGA = infrared gas analyzer; LAI = leaf area index; PAR = photosynthetically active radiation; W = total plant water potential; Wsoil = soil water potential; Ws = solute potential; kl/pt = turgor pressure potential; Wpx = xylem pressure potential; RH = relative humidity; R: S = root to shoot ratio; RWC = relative water content; SLA = specific leaf area; SLW = specific leaf weight; SPAC = soil-plant-atmosphere-continuum; SWC = soil water content; VPD = vapor pressure deficit; WUE = water use efficiency.

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“…Por este motivo, tem sido observado que os sinais de açúcar podem ser importantes na regulação das relações de fonte e dreno, no particionamento do carbono na planta (Roitsch, 1999;) e na expressão de genes da fotossíntese que podem levar à aclimatação de plantas crescidas sob elevado CO 2 Rozema et al, 1991;Jacob et al, 1995). Quando os níveis de carboidratos são altos, a transcrição de genes que codificam Rubisco, complexos clorofila-proteína do complexo antena e proteínas de transporte de elétrons do cloroplasto são reprimidas (Moore et al, 1997(Moore et al, , 1999.…”

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Respostas fotossintéticas e de crescimento da espécie amazônica Senna reticulata sob elevada concentração de CO2

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VII AgradecimentosAo Marcos por toda a confiança depositada, pela orientação, incentivo, e por mostrar como a ciência é divertida! Aos meus pais, João e Sandra, que são tudo na minha vida. Obrigada por todo o amor, apoio, confiança, dedicação, por toda a cobrança, pela presença mesmo estando distante. Amo vocês.Ao meu irmão Lucas, meu orgulho. Obrigada por ser essa pessoa maravilhosa e pelos momentos de serenidade que tenho ao seu lado.À toda a minha família, em especial à minha avó Ignês, por todos os momentos importantes que não estive lá, por todo o carinho e compreensão.Aos meus grandes amigos que ficaram em Piracicaba e compreendem a minha ausência em muitos finais de semana.À minha grande amiga, Bruna que além de me agüentar por todo esse tempo trabalhando comigo, de sol a sol, aguentou meu mau humor enquanto media as plantas sob sol escaldante. Obrigada pelo incentivo, carinho, respeito, por todo o aprendizado, exemplo e confiança. À Simone, que foi muito além de minha orientadora, companheira de casa e minha grande amiga. À Amanda, grande amiga, obrigada por ser essa pessoa centrada, cheia de carinho e também minha orientadora nas análises das inúmeras curvas fotossintéticas e na ajuda com a redação. Obrigada por fazer parte do meu crescimento. À Marcinha, minha amiga desde tudo isso acontecer... que me convenceu de deixar o sítio em Piracicaba e vir morar nesse céu de pedra! Obrigada Má, adorei tanto a experiência que não quero mais voltar. À Leila, por ser amiga e companheira de bancada e de muitas viagens! Ao Olidan que contribuiu com a finalização desse trabalho, nas imensas análises de dados e com a paciência pelas aulas extras de estatística e ecofisiologia. VIII Aos amigos de laboratório: Wando, Thalita, Augusto, Cris, Miriam, Paty Pinho, Aline "Mamão", Giovanna, Caio, Mari e Maraba, por toda a diversão, ajudas extras, apoio e carinho.Ao Leonardo Hamachi que me ajudou com toda a parte de anatomia.À todos os alunos do Lafieco que ajudaram nas incansáveis e divertidas coletas 24hs.Ao Greg, pela amizade, conselhos e puxões de orelha.Ao Danilo, Paloma, Eglee e Vanessa... nossa grande equipe que fica por trás das câmeras, que me ajudaram não só na parte administrativa, científica e metal.À todos os colegas, funcionários e professores do Departamento de Botânica do IB-USP em especial ao pessoal do Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Plantas.Ao Norberto que sempre auxiliou na parte burocrática da pós-graduação. Ao programa de pós-graduação do Instituto de Biociências (IB-USP).À Prof. Helenice, coordenadora da pós graduação, pela confiança, incentivo e apoio. coletas destrutivas (biomassa) e não destrutivas (área foliar, altura e nº de folhas). As plantas do tratamento elevado apresentaram maior assimilação fotossintética aos 30 e 45 dias de experimento. Após este período foi observada uma mudança no padrão de alocação (de folha para raízes) e as plantas do elevado apresentaram aclimatação na fotossíntese. A aclimatação foi caracterizada primeiramente por uma redução na velocidade de carboxilação da...

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Global change, the impact of the greenhouse effect (atmospheric CO2 enrichment) and the increased UV-B radiation on terrestrial plants

Cited by 23 publications

References 19 publications

Plant responses to atmospheric carbon dioxide enrichment: interactions with some soil and atmospheric conditions

Plant responses to atmospheric carbon dioxide enrichment: interactions with some soil and atmospheric conditions

Plant water relations and the effects of elevated CO2: a review and suggestions for future research

Respostas fotossintéticas e de crescimento da espécie amazônica Senna reticulata sob elevada concentração de CO2

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