Global burden of spinal cord injury: future directions

Crispo, James A G; Kuramoto, Lisa K; Cragg, Jacquelyn J

doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(23)00366-6

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) can result in temporary or permanent changes in motor and sensory function [ 1 ]. In traumatic SCI, the primary insult damages cells and triggers a complex secondary injury cascade that periodically leads to neuronal and glial cell death, ischemia, and inflammation [ 2 ]. This cascade is followed by changes in the tissue and structure of the spinal cord, including the formation of glial scars and cystic cavities, combined with poor regeneration of endogenous myelin and axon, meaning that the spinal cord has limited intrinsic recovery potential, so that SCI always leads to permanent neurological deficits [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repair spinal cord injury with a versatile anti-oxidant and neural regenerative nanoplatform

Zhou,

Li,

Jing

et al. 2024

J Nanobiotechnol

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Spinal cord injury (SCI) often results in motor and sensory deficits, or even paralysis. Due to the role of the cascade reaction, the effect of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the early and middle stages of SCI severely damage neurons, and most antioxidants cannot consistently eliminate ROS at non-toxic doses, which leads to a huge compromise in antioxidant treatment of SCI. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have excellent ROS scavenging bioactivity, but the toxicity control problem limits the therapeutic window. Here, we propose a synergistic therapeutic strategy of SeNPs encapsulated by ZIF-8 (SeNPs@ZIF-8) to obtain synergistic ROS scavenging activity. Three different spatial structures of SeNPs@ZIF-8 were synthesized and coated with ferrostatin-1, a ferroptosis inhibitor (FSZ NPs), to achieve enhanced anti-oxidant and anti-ferroptosis activity without toxicity. FSZ NPs promoted the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis, thereby regulating the expression of inflammatory factors and promoting the polarization of macrophages into M2 phenotype. In addition, the FSZ NPs presented strong abilities to promote neuronal maturation and axon growth through activating the WNT4-dependent pathways, while prevented glial scar formation. The current study demonstrates the powerful and versatile bioactive functions of FSZ NPs for SCI treatment and offers inspiration for other neural injury diseases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repair spinal cord injury with a versatile anti-oxidant and neural regenerative nanoplatform

Zhou,

Li,

Jing

et al. 2024

J Nanobiotechnol

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“…This condition inflicts profound physical and psychological trauma upon affected individuals and imposes substantial economic burdens on nations. SCI incidence is rapidly rising worldwide, but a definitive cure remains elusive [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IPSC-NSCs-derived exosomal let-7b-5p improves motor function after spinal cord Injury by modulating microglial/macrophage pyroptosis

Liu,

Kong,

et al. 2024

J Nanobiotechnol

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Background Following spinal cord injury (SCI), the inflammatory storm initiated by microglia/macrophages poses a significant impediment to the recovery process. Exosomes play a crucial role in the transport of miRNAs, facilitating essential cellular communication through the transfer of genetic material. However, the miRNAs from iPSC-NSCs-Exos and their potential mechanisms leading to repair after SCI remain unclear. This study aims to explore the role of iPSC-NSCs-Exos in microglia/macrophage pyroptosis and reveal their potential mechanisms. Methods iPSC-NSCs-Exos were characterized and identified using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), and Western blot. A mouse SCI model and a series of in vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted to investigate the therapeutic effects of iPSC-NSCs-Exos. Subsequently, miRNA microarray analysis and rescue experiments were performed to confirm the role of miRNAs in iPSC-NSCs-Exos in SCI. Mechanistic studies were carried out using Western blot, luciferase activity assays, and RNA-ChIP. Results Our findings revealed that iPSC-NSCs-derived exosomes inhibited microglia/macrophage pyroptosis at 7 days post-SCI, maintaining myelin integrity and promoting axonal growth, ultimately improving mice motor function. The miRNA microarray showed let-7b-5p to be highly enriched in iPSC-NSCs-Exos, and LRIG3 was identified as the target gene of let-7b-5p. Through a series of rescue experiments, we uncovered the connection between iPSC-NSCs and microglia/macrophages, revealing a novel target for treating SCI. Conclusion In conclusion, we discovered that iPSC-NSCs-derived exosomes can package and deliver let-7b-5p, regulating the expression of LRIG3 to ameliorate microglia/macrophage pyroptosis and enhance motor function in mice after SCI. This highlights the potential of combined therapy with iPSC-NSCs-Exos and let-7b-5p in promoting functional recovery and limiting inflammation following SCI.

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“…Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a catastrophic event that represents a high health cost for health systems for the people and families who suffer from it [1] because this situation not only occurs in the acute phase of the injury but may or may not be maintained during their lifetime chronic diseases resulting from the injury [2]. According to a World Health Organization report, its incidence worldwide is between 40 and 80 cases per million inhabitants [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SCI is defined as the pathological process produced by any etiology that affects the spinal cord and may alter motor, sensory, and/or autonomic function below the level of the lesion [1,2]. The complexity of the neurological deficit and, therefore, of the resulting clinical picture depends on the level of the lesion, the extension, and the involvement of the white or gray matter [1][2][3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of a Gait Training Program on Spinal Cord Injury Patients: A Single-Group Prospective Cohort Study

Echemendía del Valle,

Bender del Busto,

Sentmanat Belisón

et al. 2023

JCM

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Introduction: Spinal cord injury is defined as the pathological process produced by any etiology affecting the spinal cord, which may alter motor, sensory, and/or autonomic function below the level of the lesion. The complexity of the neurological deficit and, therefore, the resulting clinical picture depends on the level of the lesion, the extent, and the affectation of the white or gray substance. This injury can totally or partially affect the ability to walk, and its highest priority with respect to mobility is to restore the ability to walk. All of which make the improvement of the methods used in their rehabilitation a top priority for health systems. Objective: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a gait training program for patients with spinal cord injuries. Material and Methods: A single-group, prospective cohort study was developed following the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology Guidelines (STROBE) at the International Center for Neurological Restoration of Siboney Playa (Havana, Cuba) from May 2020 to July 2021 with a sample of 30 patients by accidental or deliberate non-probabilistic sampling that met the expected inclusion criteria, who underwent a physical rehabilitation program for 8 weeks of work. Results: Statistically significant changes were observed in the overall course, by sex, by topographic level of lesion, and by functional class. Conclusions: The gait training program used produced significant changes in thoracic spinal cord injured patients regardless of the level of injury, sex, or functional class of the patient.

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Global burden of spinal cord injury: future directions

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Repair spinal cord injury with a versatile anti-oxidant and neural regenerative nanoplatform

Repair spinal cord injury with a versatile anti-oxidant and neural regenerative nanoplatform

IPSC-NSCs-derived exosomal let-7b-5p improves motor function after spinal cord Injury by modulating microglial/macrophage pyroptosis

Effects of a Gait Training Program on Spinal Cord Injury Patients: A Single-Group Prospective Cohort Study

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