Global burden of hematologic malignancies and evolution patterns over the past 30 years

Abstract

Hematologic malignancies are among the most common cancers, and understanding their incidence and death is crucial for targeting prevention, clinical practice improvement, and research resources appropriately. Here, we investigated detailed information on hematological malignancies for the period 1990–2019 from the Global Burden of Disease study. The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), the age-standardized death rate (ASDR), and the corresponding estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) were calculated to assess temporal trends in 204 countries and territories over the past 30 years. Globally, incident cases of hematologic malignancies have been increasing since 1990, reaching 1343.85 thousand in 2019, but the ASDR for all types of hematologic malignancies has been declining. The ASDR for leukemia, multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and Hodgkin lymphoma were 4.26, 1.42, 3.19, and 0.34 per 100,000 population in 2019, respectively, with Hodgkin lymphoma showing the most significant decline. However, the trend varies by gender, age, region, and the country’s economic situation. The burden of hematologic malignancies is generally higher in men, and this gender gap decreases after peaking at a given age. The regions with the largest increasing trend in the ASIR of leukemia, multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and Hodgkin lymphoma were Central Europe, Eastern Europe, East Asia, and Caribbean, respectively. In addition, the proportion of deaths attributed to high body-mass index continued to rise across regions, especially in regions with high socio-demographic indices (SDI). Meanwhile, the burden of leukemia from occupational exposure to benzene and formaldehyde was more widespread in areas with low SDI. Thus, hematologic malignancies remain the leading cause of the global tumor burden, with growing absolute numbers but sharp among several age-standardized measures over the past three decades. The results of the study will inform analysis of trends in the global burden of disease for specific hematologic malignancies and develop appropriate policies for these modifiable risks.

Incidence Trends of Inherited Anemias at the Global, Regional, and National Levels Over Three Decades

“…This study distinguishes itself by providing a comprehensive perspective on the burden of inherited anemias through the utilization of up-to-date global national statistics. Nevertheless, it is important to acknowledge the presence of limitations, as is the case with numerous diseases assessed by the GBD framework, wherein the accuracy of the inherited anemias model is contingent upon the quality and quantity of available data [ 20 , 34 , 35 ]. The generalizability of current data on inherited anemia may be compromised by limited sample sizes and cognitive/diagnostic difficulties in regions with scarce cases or resources.…”

Prevalence trends of anemia impairment in adolescents and young adults with HIV/AIDS

“…To measure the prevalence trends of HIV/AIDS and anemia in different regions, we utilized prevalence rates, percentages, and estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) [ 23 – 25 ]. The EAPCs, along with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs), provide a comprehensive assessment of the trends in prevalence over a specified period, where a lower bound above 0 indicates an upward trend, while an upper bound below 0 indicates a downward trend.…”

Use of Oleuropein and Hydroxytyrosol for Cancer Prevention and Treatment: Considerations about How Bioavailability and Metabolism Impact Their Adoption in Clinical Routine

“…Hematological malignancies arise from the loss of hematopoietic homeostasis, and may be configured as a large category including both myeloid and lymphatic neoplasms (leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma) whose incidence is pretty variable at the regional level [ 233 , 234 ]. Only limited experimental evidence supporting OLE and HT preventive and anti-cancer properties is available in such a context ( Table 1 ).…”