Global Burden of Bacterial Skin Diseases: A Systematic Analysis Combined With Sociodemographic Index, 1990–2019

Yi, Xue; Zhou, Jie; Xu, Bei-Ni; Li, Yue; Bao, Wu; Cheng, Xia Lin; He, Yan; Xu, Chun Peng; Zheng, Ya rong; Jia, Chi Yu

doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.861115

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…According to the official guide and the previously selected parameters [ 9 , 29 , 30 ], we chose the number and rate of five RI metrics, including deaths, DALYs, incidence, YLLs, and YLDs. Premature mortality is measured by YLLs, which uses death frequency and age at death to estimate the years of potential life lost [ 29 , 31 ]. YLDs measures the impact and burden of a disease or illness on the affected person’s quality of life over both the short and long term before it either resolves or death occurs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global, Regional, and National Burden of Road Injuries from 1990 to 2019

Chen

Yang

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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(1) Background: Understanding occurrence can help formulate effective preventative laws and regulations. However, the most recent global burden and road injuries (RIs) trends have not been reported. This study reports the burden of RIs globally from 1990 to 2019. (2) Methods: RIs data were downloaded from the Global Burden of Disease 2019. Incidence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) described the trend and burden of RIs. We calculated age-standardized rates (ASRs) and estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) for the above indexes to evaluate the temporal trend of RIs. We evaluated the social-demographic index (SDI) with epidemiological RI parameters and reported proportions of age-standardized rates due to RI. (3) Results: In 2019, the global incidence of RIs reached 103.2 million. The EAPC of RI incidence increased, whereas deaths and DALYs decreased. Age-standardized incident rate (ASIR) was highest in low-middle SDI regions, age-standardized death rate (ASDR) was high in middle SDI regions, and age-standardized DALYs increased in low SDI regions. The highest accident rates were found in those aged 20–24 years old. Cyclist injuries were the leading RIs (34%), though pedestrian and motor vehicle accidents were the leading cause of death (37.4%, 37.6%) and DALYs (35.7%, 32.3%), respectively. (4) Conclusions: Over the past 30 years, RIs incidence increased annually, though death and DALY rates decreased. RIs places a considerable burden on public health in low SDI countries. Data should be used to develop and implement effective measures to reduce the burden of RIs.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The methodology of GBD 2019 research has been detailed in many other studies [ 31 , 34 , 35 ]. Firstly, we chose the GBD estimate by searching ‘CAUSES DEATH OR INJURY’.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global, Regional, and National Burden of Road Injuries from 1990 to 2019

Chen

Yang

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…Infections of the skin and soft tissues caused by microorganisms and fungi are among the most common infections worldwide [ 67 ]. These lesions are caused by either primary inoculation or, frequently, disseminated infection.…”

Section: Skin Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Sustainable Solution to Skin Diseases: Ecofriendly Transdermal Patches

et al. 2023

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Skin is the largest epithelial surface of the human body, with a surface area of 2 m2 for the average adult human. Being an external organ, it is susceptible to more than 3000 potential skin diseases, including injury, inflammation, microbial and viral infections, and skin cancer. Due to its nature, it offers a large accessible site for administrating several medications against these diseases. The dermal and transdermal delivery of such medications are often ensured by utilizing dermal/transdermal patches or microneedles made of biocompatible and biodegradable materials. These tools provide controlled delivery of drugs to the site of action in a rapid and therapeutically effective manner with enhanced diffusivity and minimal side effects. Regrettably, they are usually fabricated using synthetic materials with possible harmful environmental effects. Manufacturing such tools using green synthesis routes and raw materials is hence essential for both ecological and economic sustainability. In this review, natural materials including chitosan/chitin, alginate, keratin, gelatin, cellulose, hyaluronic acid, pectin, and collagen utilized in designing ecofriendly patches will be explored. Their implementation in wound healing, skin cancer, inflammations, and infections will be discussed, and the significance of these studies will be evaluated with future perspectives.

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“…Bacterial skin infections constitute a significant proportion within the category of skin diseases. Nevertheless, despite the significant influence of bacterial skin diseases on the overall disease burden worldwide, there seems to be a noticeable absence of corresponding global attention [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation and Characterization of Hesperidin-Loaded Transethosomal Gel for Dermal Delivery to Enhance Antibacterial Activity: Comprehension of In Vitro, Ex Vivo, and Dermatokinetic Analysis

Alam,

Imran,

Jahan

et al. 2023

Gels

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In this study, hesperidin was loaded into a transethosome and was developed employing the rotary evaporator method. The formulation was optimized using the Box–Behnken design (BBD). The optimized HSD-TE formulation has a spherical shape, vesicle size, polydispersity index, entrapment efficiency, and zeta potential within the range of 178.98 nm; the PDI was 0.259 with a zeta potential of −31.14 mV and % EE of 89.51%, respectively. The in vitro drug release shows that HSD-TE exhibited the release of 81.124 ± 3.45% in comparison to HSD suspension. The ex vivo skin permeation showed a 2-fold increase in HSD-TE gel permeation. The antioxidant activity of HSD-TE was found to be 79.20 ± 1.77% higher than that of the HSD solution. The formulation showed 2-fold deeper HSD-TE penetration across excised rat skin membranes in confocal laser microscopy scanning, indicating promising in vivo prospects. In a dermatokinetic study, HSD-TE gel was compared to HSD conventional gel where TE significantly boosted HSD transport in the epidermis and dermal layers. The formulation showed greater efficacy than free HSD in the inhibition of microbial growth, as evidenced by antibacterial activity on the Gram-negative and positive bacteria. These investigations found that the HSD-TE formulation could enhance the topical application in the management of cutaneous bacterial infections.

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Global Burden of Bacterial Skin Diseases: A Systematic Analysis Combined With Sociodemographic Index, 1990–2019

Cited by 12 publications

References 31 publications

Global, Regional, and National Burden of Road Injuries from 1990 to 2019

Global, Regional, and National Burden of Road Injuries from 1990 to 2019

A Sustainable Solution to Skin Diseases: Ecofriendly Transdermal Patches

Formulation and Characterization of Hesperidin-Loaded Transethosomal Gel for Dermal Delivery to Enhance Antibacterial Activity: Comprehension of In Vitro, Ex Vivo, and Dermatokinetic Analysis

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