Global boron cycle in the Anthropocene

Schlesinger, William H.; Vengosh, Avner

doi:10.1002/2015gb005266

Cited by 43 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…Marine derived wet deposition of selenium (23) and iodine (24), biovolatilized by phytoplankton; and iodine (24) and boron (25), entrained into the atmosphere as aerosols Using median As concentrations in wet deposition ranging from 0.23 to 1.75 nM for Sri Lanka and Bangladesh, respectively, and a global wet deposition of 5.1e m 3 /y (1), this equates to 9,000 -69,000 t/y globally. While not all terrestrial landmass is monsoonal, most of the Earth's surface is marine, so this calculation may be considered as an upper boundary.…”

Section: Wet Deposition and Arsenic's Biogeochemical Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated Trimethylarsine Oxide and Inorganic Arsenic in Northern Hemisphere Summer Monsoonal Wet Deposition

Savage¹,

Carey²,

Hossain

et al. 2017

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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For arsenic speciation, the inputs for wet deposition are not well understood. Here we demonstrate that trimethylarsine oxide (TMAO) and inorganic arsenic are the dominant species in monsoonal wet deposition in the summer Indian subcontinent, Bangladesh, with inorganic arsenic dominating, accounting for ∼80% of total arsenic in this medium. Lower concentrations of both species were found in monsoonal wet deposition in the winter Indian subcontinent, Sri Lanka. The only other species present was dimethylarsinic acid (DMAA), but this was usually below limits of detection (LoD). We hypothesize that TMAO and inorganic arsenic in monsoonal wet deposition are predominantly of marine origin. For TMAO, the potential source is the atmospheric oxidation of marine derived trimethylarsine. For inorganic arsenic, our evidence suggests entrainment of water column inorganic arsenic into atmospheric particulates. These conclusions are based on weather trajectory analysis and on the strong correlations with known wet deposition marine derived elements: boron, iodine, and selenium. The finding that TMAO and inorganic arsenic are widely present and elevated in monsoonal wet deposition identifies major knowledge gaps that need to be addressed regarding the understanding of arsenic's global cycle.

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Section: Wet Deposition and Arsenic's Biogeochemical Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated Trimethylarsine Oxide and Inorganic Arsenic in Northern Hemisphere Summer Monsoonal Wet Deposition

Savage¹,

Carey²,

Hossain

et al. 2017

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Potential B sources include silicate weathering, evaporite dissolution, and hydrothermal springs, and they are key to determining the riverine B concentrations (Lemarchand & Gaillardet, ; Rose et al, ). Typical riverine systems also receive B via atmospheric deposition, which has been estimated to be <15% (Chetelat et al, ; Gaillardet & Lemarchand, ; Schlesinger & Vengosh, ). As rivers approach the coastal areas, the deposition of sea salt B becomes increasingly important.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deviation of Boron Concentration From Predictions Using Salinity in Coastal Environments

Lee

et al. 2019

Geophysical Research Letters

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To test whether the established B/Cl ratio (0.2414 mg·kg–1·‰–1) derived for the open ocean is applicable to coastal systems globally, we measured the B concentration and salinity of seawater samples (n = 245) collected from the coastal waters of the Yellow, East China, and East Seas. We also measured the B concentration of freshwater samples (n = 10) from six rivers discharging into these seas and analyzed along with the B concentrations of other rivers globally, obtained from literatures. Our results show that the supply of riverine B (2–6 μmol B/kg) did not discernably alter the B/Cl ratio in most estuarine systems. The impact of this riverine B input on the interconversion between total alkalinity ([HCO3–] + 2[CO32–] + [B (OH)4–] + others) and carbonate alkalinity ([HCO3–] + 2[CO32–]) is less than a few micromoles per kilogram for most estuarine and coastal systems, although exceptions in the Baltic Sea do occur.

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“…The global B cycle is driven primarily by a large atmospheric flux derived from sea salt aerosols, with a smaller anthropogenic contribution from combustion of biomass and coal (Park & Schlesinger, ; Schlesinger & Vengosh, ). For a well‐studied site in central Panama, close to BCI, we estimate that atmospheric B inputs are sufficient to sustain the B demand of the forest.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No evidence that boron influences tree species distributions in lowland tropical forests of Panama

et al. 2016

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SummaryIt was recently proposed that boron might be the most important nutrient structuring tree species distributions in tropical forests. Here we combine observational and experimental studies to test this hypothesis for lowland tropical forests of Panama.Plant-available boron is uniformly low in tropical forest soils of Panama and is not significantly associated with any of the > 500 species in a regional network of forest dynamics plots. Experimental manipulation of boron supply to seedlings of three tropical tree species revealed no evidence of boron deficiency or toxicity at concentrations likely to occur in tropical forest soils. Foliar boron did not correlate with soil boron along a local scale gradient of boron availability.Fifteen years of boron addition to a tropical forest increased plant-available boron by 70% but did not significantly change tree productivity or boron concentrations in live leaves, wood or leaf litter. The annual input of boron in rainfall accounts for a considerable proportion of the boron in annual litterfall and is similar to the pool of plant-available boron in the soil, and is therefore sufficient to preclude boron deficiency.We conclude that boron does not influence tree species distributions in Panama and presumably elsewhere in the lowland tropics.

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Global boron cycle in the Anthropocene

Cited by 43 publications

References 104 publications

Elevated Trimethylarsine Oxide and Inorganic Arsenic in Northern Hemisphere Summer Monsoonal Wet Deposition

Elevated Trimethylarsine Oxide and Inorganic Arsenic in Northern Hemisphere Summer Monsoonal Wet Deposition

Deviation of Boron Concentration From Predictions Using Salinity in Coastal Environments

No evidence that boron influences tree species distributions in lowland tropical forests of Panama

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