Global and regional estimates of genital human papillomavirus prevalence among men: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Bruni, Laia; Albero, Ginesa; Rowley, Jane; Alemany, Laia; Arbyn, Marc; Giuliano, Anna R; Markowitz, Lauri E; Broutet, Nathalie; Taylor, Melanie

doi:10.1016/s2214-109x(23)00305-4

Cited by 55 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…23 Along with HPV 16, HPV 18 and 6, all targeted from vaccination, have been reported as the most common types in cervix and anus of women and men. 24,25 In addition to vaccination, the consistent condom use in women might improve HPV clearance and prognosis, as observed by Valasoulis et al 26 Our data show a high rate of HPV genotypes multiple infections, without significant differences over the years: specifically, every year 37%-43% of patients attending our clinic resulted positive for ≥2 HR types. This could be explained by the fact that HPV types share risk determinants like sexual activity and age, thus multiple infections should be expected.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…It is worth mentioning that the reduction in HPV types covered by quadrivalent vaccine observed in our study is mainly driven by the relative reduction in HPV 6 and 11 prevalence that could be explained by the effect of vaccine implementation at population level producing a faster decline in HPV 6 and 11 when compared to HPV 16 and 18 23 . Along with HPV 16, HPV 18 and 6, all targeted from vaccination, have been reported as the most common types in cervix and anus of women and men 24,25 . In addition to vaccination, the consistent condom use in women might improve HPV clearance and prognosis, as observed by Valasoulis et al 26 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

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High prevalence of high‐risk HPV genotypes in individuals attending an infectious diseases clinic from 2018 to 2022 in Milan, Italy

Rizzo,

Moschese,

Salari

et al. 2024

Journal of Medical Virology

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Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection, linked to several types of lesions. HPV, specifically HPV 16, accounts for most of anal cancer cases. In this study, we evaluated the proportion of samples tested positive for HPV and characterized genotypes distribution in anal specimens collected from individuals at risk of anal HPV infection attending from 2018 to 2022 a large Infectious Diseases Department in Italy. The presence of HPV DNA was investigated through a commercial kit detecting 12 HR‐HPV, 8 probable/possible HR‐HPV, and 8 LR‐HPV genotypes. Among 1514 samples, 84% (1266/1514) resulted positive for any type of HPV. The prevalence of high‐risk HPV types remained high during all the years of the study period, from 2018 to 2022, ranging from 65% to 73%. Most of HR‐HPV, LR‐HPV and HPV 16 positive samples were collected from men >45 years. HPV 16 was also the most frequent type in men and women. We did not observe significant variations between years in detection of HR‐HPV, instead of LR‐HPV, that significantly decreased. In conclusion, the high prevalence of oncogenic HPV genotypes underlines the necessity of clear anal HPV screening guidelines and, along with frequent HR‐HPV coinfections, reinforces the urge to intensify the anti‐HPV vaccination campaign.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

High prevalence of high‐risk HPV genotypes in individuals attending an infectious diseases clinic from 2018 to 2022 in Milan, Italy

Rizzo,

Moschese,

Salari

et al. 2024

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…Screening can detect premalignant and early malignant lesions that can be treated with a very good prognosis (8). Three different methods can be used to identify women who have, or are at risk of, cervical precancerous lesions and early invasive cancer: (1) detection of genital high-risk HPV infection through a DNA-based test on cervical or vaginal samples; (2) microscopic examination of cervical exfoliated cells, known as the Papanicolaou (Pap) cytology test; or (3) visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid, in low-resource settings (7). In high-income countries, the implementation of screening and treatment programs since the 1950s followed by the introduction of HPV vaccination since 2006 has led to a dramatic reduction in both the prevalence of HPV vaccine-types and closely related HPV types and the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additional articles were gathered from the references of selected publications. Studies were excluded if they: (1) were unrelated to human papillomavirus infection or cervical cancer; (2) did not clearly define Indigenous people as the study population; (3) were not published in peer-reviewed journals. Furthermore, demographic and epidemiological data specific to each LAC country, including cancer registries and population censuses, were manually searched for on official governmental websites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addressing the burden of cervical cancer for Indigenous women in Latin America and the Caribbean: a call for action

Muslin

2024

Front. Public Health

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Cervical cancer, primarily caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, poses a significant global health challenge. Due to higher levels of poverty and health inequities, Indigenous women worldwide are more vulnerable to cervical cancer than their non-Indigenous counterparts. However, despite constituting nearly 10% of the population in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), the true extent of the burden of cervical cancer among Indigenous people in this region remains largely unknown. This article reviews the available information on cervical cancer incidence and mortality, as well as HPV infection prevalence, among Indigenous women in LAC. The limited existing data suggest that Indigenous women in this region face a heightened risk of cervical cancer incidence and mortality compared to non-Indigenous women. Nevertheless, a substantial knowledge gap persists that must be addressed to comprehensively assess the burden of cervical cancer among Indigenous populations, especially through enhancing cancer surveillance across LAC countries. Numerous structural, social and cultural barriers hindering Indigenous women’s access to HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening worldwide have been identified and are reviewed in this article. The discussion highlights the critical role of culturally sensitive education, community engagement, and empowerment strategies in overcoming those barriers. Drawing insights from the success of targeted strategies in certain high-income countries, the present article advocates for research, policies and healthcare interventions tailored to the unique context of LAC countries.

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“…The prevalence of specific HPV types can vary across genders too. The global prevalence of high‐risk genital HPV in men is 21% and sustained throughout adult life 39 . With that, it is now recognised that, in addition to the significant impact of HPV infection on women, HPV also causes substantial disease in men, which tends to manifest clinically as anogenital warts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human papillomavirus infection: Epidemiology, biology, host interactions, cancer development, prevention, and therapeutics

Wolf,

Kist,

Pereira

et al. 2024

Reviews in Medical Virology

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Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide. It is caused by the HPV, a DNA virus that infects epithelial cells in various mucous membranes and skin surfaces. HPV can be categorised into high‐risk and low‐risk types based on their association with the development of certain cancers. High‐risk HPV types, such as HPV‐16 and HPV‐18, are known to be oncogenic and are strongly associated with the development of cervical, anal, vaginal, vulvar, penile, and oropharyngeal cancers. These types of HPV can persist in the body for an extended period and, in some cases, lead to the formation of precancerous lesions that may progress to cancer if left untreated. Low‐risk HPV types, such as HPV‐6 and HPV‐11, are not typically associated with cancer but can cause benign conditions like genital warts. Genital warts are characterised by the growth of small, cauliflower‐like bumps on the genital and anal areas. Although not life‐threatening, they can cause discomfort and psychological distress. HPV is primarily transmitted through sexual contact, including vaginal, anal, and oral sex. It can also be transmitted through non‐penetrative sexual activities that involve skin‐to‐skin contact. In addition to sexual transmission, vertical transmission from mother to child during childbirth is possible but relatively rare. Prevention of HPV infection includes vaccination and safe sexual practices. HPV vaccines, such as Gardasil and Cervarix, are highly effective in preventing infection with the most common high‐risk HPV types. These vaccines are typically administered to adolescents and young adults before they become sexually active. Safe sexual practices, such as consistent and correct condom use and limiting the number of sexual partners, can also reduce the risk of HPV transmission. Diagnosis of HPV infection can be challenging because the infection is often asymptomatic, especially in men. In women, HPV testing can be done through cervical screening programs, which involve the collection of cervical cells for analysis. Abnormal results may lead to further diagnostic procedures, such as colposcopy or biopsy, to detect precancerous or cancerous changes. Overall, HPV infection is a prevalent sexually transmitted infection with significant implications for public health. Vaccination, regular screening, and early treatment of precancerous lesions are key strategies to reduce the burden of HPV‐related diseases and their associated complications. Education and awareness about HPV and its prevention are crucial in promoting optimal sexual health. This study aimed to carry out a literature review considering several aspects involving HPV infection: Global distribution, prevalence, biology, host interactions, cancer development, prevention, therapeutics, coinfection with other viruses, coinfection with bacteria, association with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, and association with anal cancer.

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Global and regional estimates of genital human papillomavirus prevalence among men: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 55 publications

References 95 publications

High prevalence of high‐risk HPV genotypes in individuals attending an infectious diseases clinic from 2018 to 2022 in Milan, Italy

High prevalence of high‐risk HPV genotypes in individuals attending an infectious diseases clinic from 2018 to 2022 in Milan, Italy

Addressing the burden of cervical cancer for Indigenous women in Latin America and the Caribbean: a call for action

Human papillomavirus infection: Epidemiology, biology, host interactions, cancer development, prevention, and therapeutics

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