Global and regional emissions estimates of 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a,  CH&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;CHF&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;) from in situ and air archive observations

Simmonds, P. G.; Rigby, Matthew; Manning, A. J.; Lunt, Mark F.; O’Doherty, Simon; McCulloch, A.; Fraser, Paul J.; Henne, Stephan; Vollmer, Martin K.; Mühle, Jens; Weiss, Ray F.; Salameh, Peter K.; Young, Dickon; Reimann, Stefan; Wenger, A.; Arnold, Tim; Harth, C. M.; Krummel, P. B.; Steele, L. P.; Dunse, B. L.; Miller, B. R.; Lunder, Chris Rene; Hermansen, Ove; Schmidbauer, Norbert; Saito, Takuya; Yokouchi, Yoko; Park, S.; Li, S.; Yao, Bo; Zhou, Lingxi; Arduini, Jgor; Maione, Michela; Wang, R. H. J.; Ivy, Diane J.; Prinn, Ronald G.

doi:10.5194/acp-16-365-2016

Cited by 33 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(73 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, for the UNFCCC, emissions of HFC-152a are reported in the country were the consumer product is manufactured. For example, if a foam is blown in their uncertainties with those reported in Simmonds et al [2016], which is also true for our estimates for the Central W region and the Iberian Peninsula. In contrast, our "top-down" estimates for Italy are a factor 2 smaller than reported by the latter authors.…”

supporting

confidence: 79%

“…It is sparsely used in Eastern European countries (Balkans, Eastern, Greece and Turkey), where our "top-down" estimate showed combined annual emissions of 0.39 (0.20-0.57) Gg yr -1 , which corresponds to 6.4% (3.3-9.5%) of the domain total of 6.0 (4.6-7.5) Gg yr HFC-152a has the smallest 100-year global warming potential of the major HFCs and is primarily used as foam blowing agent and aerosol propellant. Our domain total "top-down" estimate was 2.8 (1.6-4.5) Gg yr -1 , which corresponds to only around 6% of estimated global emis-710 sions [Simmonds, et al, 2016]. South-eastern Europe's (Greece, Turkey, Balkans and Eastern)…”

Section: These Findings Of Generally Smaller Than Reported Hfc-134a Ementioning

confidence: 72%

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Abundance and Sources of Atmospheric Halocarbons in the Eastern Mediterranean

Schoenenberger¹,

Henne²,

Hill³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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15A wide range of anthropogenic halocarbons is released to the atmosphere, contributing to stratospheric ozone depletion and global warming. Using measurements of atmospheric abundances for the estimation of halocarbon emissions on the global and regional scale has become an important top-down tool for emission validation in the recent past, but many populated and developing areas of the world are only poorly covered by the existing atmospheric halocarbon and 9.7 (4.3-15.7) Tg CO2eq yr -1 , respectively. These emissions contributed 17.3% (7.9-27.4%) and 53% (23.5-86%) to the total inversion domain, which covers the Eastern Mediterranean as well as Central and Western Europe. Greek bottom-up HFC emissions reported to the UNFCCC were much smaller than our top-down estimates, whereas for Turkey our estimates agreed with 40 UNFCCC-reported values for HFC-125 and HFC-143a, but were much and slightly smaller for HFC-134a and HFC-152a, respectively. Sensitivity estimates suggest an improvement of the a posteriori emission estimates, i.e. a reduction of the uncertainties by 40-80%, compared to an inversion using only the existing Central European AGAGE observations. Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi

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supporting

confidence: 79%

Section: These Findings Of Generally Smaller Than Reported Hfc-134a Ementioning

confidence: 72%

Abundance and Sources of Atmospheric Halocarbons in the Eastern Mediterranean

Schoenenberger¹,

Henne²,

Hill³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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“…Top-down studies for ffCO 2 emissions are still in the early stages of development [12][13][14][15], in comparison to relatively well-developed applications of top-down emissions estimates for other greenhouse gases such as methane [16,17] and hydrofluorocarbons [18] that have revealed biases in corresponding bottomup estimates, which tend to have large uncertainties. Top-down studies estimate the distribution and magnitude of emissions that minimizes differences with observations, typically also minimizing the deviation from a prior estimate of emissions following Bayesian statistics.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing fossil fuel CO ₂ emissions in California using atmospheric observations and models

Graven

Fischer

Lueker

et al. 2018

Environ. Res. Lett.

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“…Measurements from these sites have been used in several previous inverse modelling studies to estimate European emissions of selected halocarbons and SF 6 Ganesan et al, 2014;Keller et al, 2011Keller et al, , 2012Lunt et al, 2015;Maione et al, 2014;Manning, 2011;Manning et al, 2003;Rigby et al, 2011;Simmonds et al, 2016;Stohl et al, 2009). Different Lagrangian transport models and inversion approaches have been applied in these studies but no systematic comparison between the model systems has been undertaken so far.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of four inverse modelling systems applied to the estimation of HFC-125, HFC-134a, and SF<sub>6</sub> emissions over Europe

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) are used in a range of industrial applications and have largely replaced previously used gases (CFCs and HCFCs). HFCs are not ozonedepleting but have large global warming potentials and are, therefore, reported to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Here, we use four independent inverse models to estimate European emissions of the two HFCs contributing the most to global warming (HFC-134a and HFC-125) and of SF 6 for the year 2011. Using an ensemble of inverse models offers the possibility to better understand systematic uncertainties in inversions. All systems relied on the same measurement time series from Jungfraujoch (Switzerland), Mace Head (Ireland), and Monte Cimone (Italy) and the same a priori estimates of the emissions, but differed in terms of the Lagrangian transport model (FLEXPART, NAME), inversion method (Bayesian, extended Kalman filter), treatment of baseline mole fractions, spatial gridding, and a priori uncertainties. The model systems were compared with respect to the ability to reproduce the measurement time series, the spatial distribution of the posterior emissions, uncertainty reductions, and total emissions estimated for selected countries. All systems were able to reproduce the measurement time series very well, with prior correlations between 0.5 and 0.9 and posterior correlations being higher by 0.05 to 0.1. For HFC-125, all models estimated higher emissions from Spain + Portugal than reported to UNFCCC (median higher by 390 %) though with a large scatter between individual estimates. Estimates for Germany (+140 %) and Ireland (+850 %) were also considerably higher than UNFCCC, whereas the estimates for France and the UK were consistent with the national reports. In contrast to HFC-125, HFC-134a emissions from Spain + Portugal were broadly consistent with UNFCCC, and emissions from Germany were only 30 % higher. The data suggest that the UK over-reports its HFC-134a emissions to UNFCCC, as the model median emission was significantly lower, by 50 %. An overestimation of both HFC-125 and HFC-134a emissions by about a factor of 2 was also found for a group of eastern European countries (Czech Republic + Poland + Slovakia), though with less confidence since the measurement network has a low sensitivity to these countries. Consistent with UNFCCC, the models identified Germany as the highest national emitter of SF 6 in Europe, and the model median emission was only 1 % lower than the UNFCCC numbers. In contrast, the model median emissions were 2-3 times higher than UNFCCC numbers for Italy, France, and Spain + Portugal. The country-aggregated emissions from the different models often did not overlap within the range of the analytical uncertainties formally given by the inversion systems, suggesting that parametric and structuralPublished by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. Comparison of four inverse modelling systems applied to the estimation of emissions uncertainties are often dominant ...

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Global and regional emissions estimates of 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a, CH<sub>3</sub>CHF<sub>2</sub>) from in situ and air archive observations

Cited by 33 publications

References 49 publications

Abundance and Sources of Atmospheric Halocarbons in the Eastern Mediterranean

Abundance and Sources of Atmospheric Halocarbons in the Eastern Mediterranean

Assessing fossil fuel CO ₂ emissions in California using atmospheric observations and models

Comparison of four inverse modelling systems applied to the estimation of HFC-125, HFC-134a, and SF<sub>6</sub> emissions over Europe

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Global and regional emissions estimates of 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a, CH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;CHF&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) from in situ and air archive observations

Cited by 33 publications

References 49 publications

Abundance and Sources of Atmospheric Halocarbons in the Eastern Mediterranean

Abundance and Sources of Atmospheric Halocarbons in the Eastern Mediterranean

Assessing fossil fuel CO 2 emissions in California using atmospheric observations and models

Comparison of four inverse modelling systems applied to the estimation of HFC-125, HFC-134a, and SF&lt;sub&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt; emissions over Europe

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Global and regional emissions estimates of 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a, CH<sub>3</sub>CHF<sub>2</sub>) from in situ and air archive observations

Assessing fossil fuel CO ₂ emissions in California using atmospheric observations and models

Comparison of four inverse modelling systems applied to the estimation of HFC-125, HFC-134a, and SF<sub>6</sub> emissions over Europe