GLN27GLU polymorphism in the β2-adrenergic receptor gene in patients with bronchial asthma

Abstract

The aim of the study was to analyze the frequency of the polymorphism in the β2-adrenoceptor (Gln27Glu) gene in patients with bronchial asthma (BA) and to assess the association of the polymorphism with disease risks. Materials and methods. A total of 553 patients with BA and 95 apparently healthy individuals were examined. The Gln27Glu polymorphism in the β2-АR gene (rs1042714) was determined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Statistical analysis of the results was performed using SPSS-17 program. Results. The allele and genotype distribution of the Gln27Glu polymorphism in the β2-АR gene in apparently healthy individuals and BA patients was consistent with Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (P > 0.05). The analysis revealed that heterozygotes for the Gln27Glu polymorphic variant in the β2-АR gene were more frequent among BA patients vs. apparently healthy individuals (P = 0.018). The minor allele homozygotes (Glu/Glu) were 1.5 times more frequent among BA patients vs. the controls only in terms of trends without statistical significance. There was no statistically significant difference in the genotype distribution of the studied polymorphic variant between men and women in the control group and BA patient group (P = 0.55; P = 0.47). The analysis of BA risk showed a statistically significant association within the dominant (P = 0.01), super-dominant (P = 0.02), and additive (P = 0.01) models. The minor allele carriers Glu (predominantly heterozygotes) had 1.9 times higher risk of BA in the dominant model and 1.6 times higher risk of BA in the additive model vs. the major allele homozygotes. Conclusions. The statistically significant difference in the distribution of the homozygous and heterozygous genotypes of the β2-AR gene (Gln27Glu) polymorphism was found between asthma patients and apparently healthy individuals regardless of sex. The minor allele carriers (Gln/Glu genotypes) had the higher risk of BA vs. the major allele homozygotes.