Glioblastoma

Miller, Christopher R.; Perry, Arie

doi:10.5858/2007-131-397-g

Cited by 168 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Unfortunately, mediana patients survival is approximately only 8 months. Glioma cell invasion mechanism is based on the attachment of tumor cells to extracellular matrix, its degradation and penetration into adjacent brain structures [116]. RNAi against tenascin-C (extracellular matrix protein, highly expressed in cancer tissues and probably responsible for invasiveness of glioma cells [117]) was injected into the postoperative area of the patient's brain.…”

Section: Rnai-based Cancer Therapies Undergoing Clinical Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNAi in Clinical Studies

Kubowicz¹,

Zelaszczyk²,

Pekala³

2013

CMC

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RNA interference (RNAi) is an efficient process of posttranscriptional gene silencing. In recent years it has been developed into a new technology in biopharmaceutical fields of science. RNAi products include short interference RNA (siRNA) but also short hairpin RNA (shRNA), bifunctional short hairpin RNA (bi-shRNA) and microRNA (miRNA). They combine with homologous fragments of the mRNA and cause its degradation. It results in inhibition of protein synthesis, or in mutation in the gene encoding it. RNAi has been used in analysis of genomes and creation of new animal models to test drugs. From the pharmaceutical point of view, what is the most important is its therapeutic application. So far the basic and clinical research has been focused on the following targets: macular degeneration, cancer and antiviral therapy. But there are also reports on clinical trials in asthma, hypercholesterolemia and genetic diseases such as inherited skin disorders and amyloidosis. Among over 20 therapeutics that reached clinical trials, only few are still investigated. Another few are clinical candidates. The review focuses on RNAi products under clinical evaluation and their most promising new applications.

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Section: Rnai-based Cancer Therapies Undergoing Clinical Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNAi in Clinical Studies

Kubowicz¹,

Zelaszczyk²,

Pekala³

2013

CMC

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“…Gliomas are the most common primary tumors affecting the central nervous system (CNS) 1 . As the name implies, they are derived from glial cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic and anti-invasive effect of the copper coordination compound Cas III-La through the induction of reactive oxygen species and regulation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in glioma

et al. 2021

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Gliomas are the most aggressive neoplasms that affect the central nervous system, being glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) the most malignant. The resistance of GBM to therapies is attributed to its high rate of cell proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, and resistance to apoptosis; thus, finding alternative therapeutic approaches is vital. In this work, the anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, and anti-invasive effect of the copper coordination compound Casiopeina III-La (Cas III-La) on human U373 MG cells was determined in vitro and in vivo . Our results indicate that Cas III-La exerts an anti-proliferative effect, promoting apoptotic cell death and inactivating the invasive process by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), inactivating GSK3β, activating JNK and ERK, and promoting the nuclear accumulation of β-catenin. The inhibition of ROS generation by N-acetyl-l-cysteine not only recovered cell migration and viability, but also reduced β-catenin accumulation and JNK and ERK activation. Additionally, Cas III-La significantly reduced tumor volume, cell proliferation and mitotic indices, and increased the apoptotic index in mice xenotransplanted with U373 glioma cells. Thus, Cas III-La is a promising agent to treat GBM.

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“…"Glioblastoma" is synonymous with WHO grade IV astrocytoma, GBM multiforme, or conventional GBM in the previous WHO classification. Variants are subtypes of entities that are sufficiently well-characterized pathologically to take a place in the classification and have potential clinical utility (6,7). Two histologic variants of GBM are recognized as distinct clinicopathologic entities since the 2000 WHO classification: gliosarcoma (GSM) and giant cell glioblastoma (GC-GBM) (6)(7)(8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiologic Features, Survival, and Prognostic Factors Among Patients With Different Histologic Variants of Glioblastoma: Analysis of a Nationwide Database

Shieh

Guo

et al. 2021

Front. Neurol.

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Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary intracranial malignancy. Previous studies found incidence of GBM varies substantially by age, sex, race and ethnicity, and survival also varies by country, ethnicity, and treatment. Gliosarcoma (GSM) and giant cell glioblastoma (GC-GBM) are different histologic variants of GBM with distinct clinico-pathologic entities. We conducted a study to compare epidemiology, survival, and prognostic factors among the three.Methods: We identified GBM patients diagnosed between 2000 and 2016 using the Taiwan Cancer Registry and followed them using the death registry. Survival was compared among conventional GBM and two histologic variants. The potential confounding factors evaluated in this study included registered year, age, sex, and treatment modality (resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy).Results: We enrolled 3,895 patients, including 3,732 (95.8%) with conventional GBM, 102 (2.6%) with GSM, and 61 (1.6%) with GC-GBM. GC-GBM patients had younger mean age at diagnosis (49.5 years) than conventional GBM patients (58.7 years) and GSM patients (61.3 years) (p < 0.01). The three groups had similar sex distributions (p = 0.29). GC-GBM had a longer median survival [18.5, 95% confidence interval (CI): 15.8–25.3 months] than conventional GBM (12.5, 95%CI: 12.0–13.0 months) and GSM (12.8, 95%CI: 9.2–16.2 months), and the differences in overall survival did not attain statistical significance (p = 0.08, log-rank test). In univariate analysis, GC-GBM had better survival than conventional GBM, but the hazard ratio (0.91) did not reach statistical significance (95%CI: 0.69–1.20) in the multivariate analysis. Young ages (≤ 40 years), female sex, resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy were factors associated with better survival in overall GBMs. In subtype analyses, these factors remained statistically significant for conventional GBM, as well as radiotherapy for GSM.Conclusion: Our analysis found conventional GBM and its variants shared similar poor survival. Factors with age ≤ 40 years, female sex, resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy were associated with better prognosis in conventional GBM patients.

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Glioblastoma

Cited by 168 publications

References 45 publications

RNAi in Clinical Studies

RNAi in Clinical Studies

Anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic and anti-invasive effect of the copper coordination compound Cas III-La through the induction of reactive oxygen species and regulation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in glioma

Epidemiologic Features, Survival, and Prognostic Factors Among Patients With Different Histologic Variants of Glioblastoma: Analysis of a Nationwide Database

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